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Environ Monit Assess

Title:		Sources of volatile organic compounds in Cairo's ambient air
Author(s):		Abu-Allaban M; Lowenthal DH; Gertler AW; Labib M;
Address:		"Department of Water Management & Environment, the Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan"
Journal Title:		Environ Monit Assess
Year:		2009
Volume:		20081009
Issue:		1-Apr
Page Number:		179 - 189
DOI:		10.1007/s10661-008-0526-9
ISSN/ISBN:		1573-2959 (Electronic) 0167-6369 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The greater Cairo area suffers from extreme levels of gas and particulate phase air pollutants. In order to reduce the levels of ambient pollution, the USAID and the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) have supported the Cairo Air Improvement Project (CAIP). As part of this project, two intensive ambient monitoring studies were carried out during the period of February 22 to March 4 and October 27 to November 27, 1999. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured on a 24-h basis at six sampling stations during each of the intensive periods. During the February/March study, samples were collected daily, while in the October/November study samples were collected every other day. The six intensive measurement sites represented background levels, mobile source impacts, industrial impacts, and residential exposure. High levels of NMHC were observed at all locations. NMHC concentrations ranged from 365 ppb C at Helwan to 1,848 ppb C at El Qualaly during winter, 1999 and from 461 ppb C at Kaha to 2,037 ppb C at El Qualaly during fall, 1999. El Qualaly, the site chosen to represent mobile emissions, displayed the highest average NMHC concentrations of any site, by a factor of 2 or more. The highest mobile source contributions were estimated at this site. The major contributors to NMHC at all sites were mobile emissions, lead smelting, and compressed natural gas"
Keywords:		Air Pollutants/*analysis Alkanes/analysis Atmosphere/*chemistry Benzene Derivatives/analysis Cities Egypt Environmental Monitoring Particulate Matter/analysis Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis;
Notes:		"MedlineAbu-Allaban, M Lowenthal, D H Gertler, A W Labib, M eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Netherlands 2008/10/10 Environ Monit Assess. 2009 Oct; 157(1-4):179-89. doi: 10.1007/s10661-008-0526-9. Epub 2008 Oct 9"