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Molecules

Title:		Effects of Inclusion of Fresh Forage in the Diet for Lactating Buffaloes on Volatile Organic Compounds of Milk and Mozzarella Cheese
Author(s):		Sacchi R; Marrazzo A; Masucci F; Di Francia A; Serrapica F; Genovese A;
Address:		"Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Universita 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy"
Journal Title:		Molecules
Year:		2020
Volume:		20200315
Issue:		6
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/molecules25061332
ISSN/ISBN:		1420-3049 (Electronic) 1420-3049 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This paper aimed to assess the effects of feeding fresh forage on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of buffalo milk and mozzarella cheese. Sixteen lactating buffaloes were equally allotted into two groups fed diets containing (experimental (Exp) group) or not (control (Ctl) group) 20 kg/d of fresh sorghum. Milk from the groups was separately collected and transformed in the traditional 'Mozzarella di Bufala Campana' Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO). Three batches of mozzarella were produced for each diet and they were analyzed, along with the two bulks of milk, for VOC composition, by using solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) coupled with gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The use of fresh forage increased the levels of long chain fatty acids along with the contents of aldehydes, and this could be responsible for an increase in green notes of milk. The use of the Ctl diet, containing a higher proportion of silage, increased the ketones, acids, and esters, which are compounds that could raise the cheese and fruity notes of milk. The mozzarella was less affected by the dietary treatment than milk. The use of fresh forage (sorghum) enhanced the green notes of milk and induced a few changes in the VOC profile of the typical PDO Mozzarella di Bufala Campana cheese, that were nonetheless detectable by sensory analysis. The low level found for butanoic acid, 2,3-pentanedione, and propyl acetate in mozzarella cheese obtained with fresh forage diet can lead to perceive less the olfactory notes of cheese, cream, and fruit"
Keywords:		Animals Buffaloes/*metabolism Cheese Diet/methods Esters/metabolism Fatty Acids/metabolism Female Lactation/*drug effects Milk/*drug effects/metabolism Silage Volatile Organic Compounds/*pharmacology Spme-gc/ms buffalo Mozzarella buffalo milk fresh forage;
Notes:		"MedlineSacchi, Raffaele Marrazzo, Andrea Masucci, Felicia Di Francia, Antonio Serrapica, Francesco Genovese, Alessandro eng B78F14000130006/Regione Campania/ Switzerland 2020/03/19 Molecules. 2020 Mar 15; 25(6):1332. doi: 10.3390/molecules25061332"