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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Insufficient Condensable Organic Vapors Lead to Slow Growth of New Particles in an Urban Environment
Author(s):		Li X; Li Y; Cai R; Yan C; Qiao X; Guo Y; Deng C; Yin R; Chen Y; Li Y; Yao L; Sarnela N; Zhang Y; Petaja T; Bianchi F; Liu Y; Kulmala M; Hao J; Smith JN; Jiang J;
Address:		"State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China. Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland. Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029 Beijing, China. Chemistry Department, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United Sates"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220624
Issue:		14
Page Number:		9936 - 9946
DOI:		10.1021/acs.est.2c01566
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Atmospheric new particle formation significantly affects global climate and air quality after newly formed particles grow above approximately 50 nm. In polluted urban atmospheres with 1-3 orders of magnitude higher new particle formation rates than those in clean atmospheres, particle growth rates are comparable or even lower for reasons that were previously unclear. Here, we address the slow growth in urban Beijing with advanced measurements of the size-resolved molecular composition of nanoparticles using the thermal desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometer and the gas precursors using the nitrate CI-APi-ToF. A particle growth model combining condensational growth and particle-phase acid-base chemistry was developed to explore the growth mechanisms. The composition of 8-40 nm particles during new particle formation events in urban Beijing is dominated by organics ( approximately 80%) and sulfate ( approximately 13%), and the remainder is from base compounds, nitrate, and chloride. With the increase in particle sizes, the fraction of sulfate decreases, while that of the slow-desorbed organics, organic acids, and nitrate increases. The simulated size-resolved composition and growth rates are consistent with the measured results in most cases, and they both indicate that the condensational growth of organic vapors and H(2)SO(4) is the major growth pathway and the particle-phase acid-base reactions play a minor role. In comparison to the high concentrations of gaseous sulfuric acid and amines that cause high formation rates, the concentration of condensable organic vapors is comparably lower under the high NO(x) levels, while those of the relatively high-volatility nitrogen-containing oxidation products are higher. The insufficient condensable organic vapors lead to slow growth, which further causes low survival of the newly formed particles in urban environments. Thus, the low growth rates, to some extent, counteract the impact of the high formation rates on air quality and global climate in urban environments"
Keywords:		Aerosols/chemistry *Air Pollutants/analysis Environmental Monitoring/methods Gases Nitrates Organic Chemicals Particle Size *Particulate Matter/analysis Sulfates high NOx nanoparticle composition new particle growth oxygenated organic molecules urban envi;
Notes:		"MedlineLi, Xiaoxiao Li, Yuyang Cai, Runlong Yan, Chao Qiao, Xiaohui Guo, Yishuo Deng, Chenjuan Yin, Rujing Chen, Yijing Li, Yiran Yao, Lei Sarnela, Nina Zhang, Yusheng Petaja, Tuukka Bianchi, Federico Liu, Yongchun Kulmala, Markku Hao, Jiming Smith, James N Jiang, Jingkun eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2022/06/25 Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Jul 19; 56(14):9936-9946. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01566. Epub 2022 Jun 24"