| Title: | "Ambient VOCs in residential areas near a large-scale petrochemical complex: Spatiotemporal variation, source apportionment and health risk" |
| Author(s): | Hsu CY; Chiang HC; Shie RH; Ku CH; Lin TY; Chen MJ; Chen NT; Chen YC; |
| Address: | "National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan; Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan. Electronic address: yucheng@nhri.org.tw" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.076 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1873-6424 (Electronic) 0269-7491 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "This study investigated ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and assessed excess health risks for child, adult and elderly populations in a residential area near a large-scale petrochemical complex in central Taiwan. A total of 155 daily VOC samples were collected in canisters from nine sites in spring, summer and winter during 2013-2014. We used a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model incorporating a conditional probability function (CPF) to quantify the potential sources of VOCs with the influences of local source directions. We then evaluated the non-cancer and cancer risks of specific VOCs with probabilistic distributions by performing a Monte-Carlo simulation for the child, adult, and elderly populations. Most of the VOCs were higher in summer than in winter or spring for the sampling sites. The presence of vinyl acetate, chloroethene, and 1,2-dichloroethane were significantly high within a 5-km radius of the petrochemical complex. Four potential sources of ambient VOCs, industrial emission (49.2%-63.6%), traffic-related emission (13.9%-19.1%), fuel evaporation (12.3%-16.9%), and aged emission (10.2%-14.8%), were identified. The cancer risk of ambient VOC exposure was mainly attributed to the industrial source in the study area, while the non-cancer risk was of less concern. Benzene associated with fuel evaporation resulted in the highest cancer risk (4.1?ª+x?ª+10(-5)-5.5?ª+x?ª+10(-5)) as compared to that of the other toxic VOCs" |
| Keywords: | Aged Air Pollutants/*analysis Benzene Chemical Industry Child Environmental Exposure/*analysis/statistics & numerical data Environmental Monitoring Humans Industry Risk Seasons Taiwan Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis Cancer risk Petrochemical complex; |
| Notes: | "MedlineHsu, Chin-Yu Chiang, Hung-Che Shie, Ruei-Hao Ku, Chun-Hung Lin, Tzu-Yu Chen, Mu-Jean Chen, Nai-Tzu Chen, Yu-Cheng eng England 2018/05/08 Environ Pollut. 2018 Sep; 240:95-104. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.076. Epub 2018 May 3" |
