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Adv Exp Med Biol

Title:		Mycologic Endocrinology
Author(s):		Clemons KV; Shankar J; Stevens DA;
Address:		"California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA, USA. clemons@cimr.org. Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. clemons@cimr.org. California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA, USA. jata_s@yahoo.com. Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. jata_s@yahoo.com. California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA, USA. stevens@stanford.edu. Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. stevens@stanford.edu"
Journal Title:		Adv Exp Med Biol
Year:		2016
Volume:		874
Issue:
Page Number:		337 - 363
DOI:		10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0_16
ISSN/ISBN:		0065-2598 (Print) 0065-2598 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The interactions of fungi and chemical messenger molecules, hormones or pheromones, are addressed in this chapter. These interactions include mammalian fungal pathogens, also plant pathogens, or non-pathogenic fungi, which can result in functional responses in receptor- or non-receptor-mediated fashions. Endogenous ligands in the fungi have been demonstrated to be important for mating in a number of systems. Mammalian hormones have been demonstrated to have stimulatory or inhibitory effects on growth for organisms such as Candida albicans, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus nigricans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Coccidioides, and dermatophytic fungi. A number of fungi have been shown to have specific binding proteins for corticosteroid, estrogen and progesterone that are stereo-specific and high affinity. In some instances, the interactions of a mammalian hormone with the organism, in vivo, affects pathogenesis. Genome expression profiles of C. albicans in the presence of estradiol or progesterone, and S. cerevisiae with progesterone, indicate major up-regulation of various drug resistance pumps, like CDR1, and CDR2, can affect antifungal susceptibility. Azole antifungal interactions occur with fungal hormone binding proteins. Azoles also can block mammalian steroidogenesis. The finding of interactions of mammalian hormones with fungi and subsequent functional responses by the fungi, suggest that hormonal interactions with fungal systems has been conserved throughout evolution and have an important role in fungal pathogenesis, as well as in the overall biology of the organisms"
Keywords:		"Animals Fungi/*drug effects/genetics/physiology Genome, Fungal Hormones/*pharmacology *Host-Pathogen Interactions Humans Drug effects Fungi Glucocorticoids Growth and development Hormones Metabolism;"
Notes:		"MedlineClemons, Karl V Shankar, Jata Stevens, David A eng Review 2015/11/22 Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016; 874:337-63. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0_16"