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J Hazard Mater

Title:		Changes in the chemical characteristics of water-extracted organic matter from vermicomposting of sewage sludge and cow dung
Author(s):		Xing M; Li X; Yang J; Huang Z; Lu Y;
Address:		"State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"
Journal Title:		J Hazard Mater
Year:		2012
Volume:		20111128
Issue:
Page Number:		24 - 31
DOI:		10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.11.070
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-3336 (Electronic) 0304-3894 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The chemical changes of water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) from five different substrates of sewage sludge enriched with different proportions of cow dung after vermicomposting with Eisenia fetida were investigated using various analytical approaches. Results showed that dissolved organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, and C/N ratio of the substrates decreased significantly after vermicomposting process. The aromaticity of WEOM from the substrates enhanced considerably, and the amount of volatile fatty acids declined markedly, especially for the cow dung substrate. Gel filtration chromatography analysis showed that the molecular weight fraction between 10(3) and 10(6) Da became the main part of WEOM in the final product. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra revealed that the proportion of H moieties in the area of 0.00-3.00 ppm decreased, while increasing at 3.00-4.25 ppm after vermicomposting. Fluorescence spectra indicated that vermicomposting caused the degradation of protein-like groups, and the formation of fulvic and humic acid-like compounds in the WEOM of the substrates. Overall results indicate clearly that vermicomposting promoted the degradation and transformation of liable WEOM into biological stable substances in sewage sludge and cow dung alone, as well as in mixtures of both materials, and testing the WEOM might be an effective way to evaluate the biological maturity and chemical stability of vermicompost"
Keywords:		"Animals Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis Carbon/analysis Cattle Chromatography, Gel Fatty Acids, Volatile/analysis Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy *Manure Nitrogen/analysis *Oligochaeta Refuse Disposal/*methods *Sewage Spectrometry, Fluorescence;"
Notes:		"MedlineXing, Meiyan Li, Xiaowei Yang, Jian Huang, Zhidong Lu, Yongsen eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2012/01/11 J Hazard Mater. 2012 Feb 29; 205-206:24-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.11.070. Epub 2011 Nov 28"