| Title: | Non-destructive characterization of egg odor and fertilization status by SPME/GC-MS coupled with electronic nose |
| Author(s): | Xiang XL; Wang YL; Yu ZH; Ma MH; Zhu ZH; Jin YG; |
| Address: | "National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China. National Research and Development Center for Egg Processing, College of Engineering, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1097-0010 (Electronic) 0022-5142 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "BACKGROUND: Early and non-destructive identification of fertile (F) eggs is a difficult task in the process of breeding laying hens. The odors emitted from unfertilized (UF), infertile (IF), and fertile (F) eggs were characterized by solid-phase microextraction / gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (SPME/GC-MS) and electronic nose (E-nose) to determine their differences by principal component, partial least squares, and canonical discriminant analyses. RESULTS: A total of 14 volatiles were identified in unhatched shell white Leghorn eggs, such as nonanal, decanal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one. Cedrene and decanal contributed greatly to the classification of UF and fertilized (Fd)/IF eggs; cedrene, decanal, 1-octanol and hexanal contributed greatly to the distinction between UF and IF eggs; heptanal might be the potential marker to determine F/IF eggs. P40/1, P10/2, P10/1, TA/2, T40/2 and T30/1, P30/1, P40/2, PA/2, T40/2 mostly contributed to the distinction between UF and Fd eggs and between F and IF eggs, respectively. Canonical discriminant analysis presented superior differentiating efficiency for almost all groups, and the odor differences between UF and Fd eggs were significantly larger than the differences between F and IF eggs. CONCLUSION: Solid-phase microextraction / gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer combined with E-nose may have the potential to non-destructively distinguish UF, F, and IF eggs, which will provide a new perspective to understand the differences among them. (c) 2018 Society of Chemical Industry" |
| Keywords: | Animals Chickens Discriminant Analysis Eggs/*analysis *Electronic Nose Female Fertilization Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods Male Odorants/*analysis Principal Component Analysis Solid Phase Microextraction Volatile Organic Compounds/*chemistr; |
| Notes: | "MedlineXiang, Xiao-le Wang, Ya-Lan Yu, Zhi-Hui Ma, Mei-Hu Zhu, Zhi-Hui Jin, Yon-Guo eng CARS-40-K24/Special Fund for the Modern Agro-Industry Technology Research System/ 31571784/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ Evaluation Study England 2018/12/15 J Sci Food Agric. 2019 May; 99(7):3264-3275. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.9539. Epub 2019 Feb 8" |
