| Title: | An experimental model for the determination of immunomodulating effects by volatile compounds |
| Author(s): | Wichmann G; Muhlenberg J; Fischader G; Kulla C; Rehwagen M; Herbarth O; Lehmann I; |
| Address: | "Department of Environmental Immunology, UFZ Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig-Halle Ltd., Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany. gunnar.wichmann@ufz.de" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.03.012 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 0887-2333 (Print) 0887-2333 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "An in vitro exposure system was developed to enable simultaneous exposure of primary cells or cell lines to defined concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOC) without the necessity of a constant-flow exposure system. Toluene was used as model VOC and administered via the gas phase. CD3/CD28-stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were used as indicator cells. Vitality/proliferation of PBMC was tested using the MTT assay and their functional reactivity using cytokine ELISA for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13, and tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Chemical analysis using headspace gas chromatography confirmed that this new method guaranties reproducible VOC exposure (R2 = 0.995 for the correlation between external toluene concentration and toluene in the cell culture). While cytotoxic effects were not observed, dose-dependent toluene effects on functional reactivity of PBMC were found. The secretion of IFN-gamma, IL-4, and IL-13 was inhibited at concentrations of 72.5 g/m3 and above, whereas the TNF-alpha production was increased. Since the presented in vitro model ensures toluene exposure in concentrations comparable to the real situation, and allows the investigation of dose-dependent immunomodulatory toluene effects in concentrations without cytotoxicity, this method first described here is introduced as useful tool in analysis of VOC-triggered effects on immune cells" |
| Keywords: | "Cell Proliferation/drug effects Cells, Cultured Cytokines/biosynthesis Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Humans Leukocytes, Mononuclear/*drug effects/immunology Toluene/*toxicity Volatilization;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineWichmann, Gunnar Muhlenberg, Jana Fischader, Gundula Kulla, Christian Rehwagen, Martina Herbarth, Olf Lehmann, Irina eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2005/05/12 Toxicol In Vitro. 2005 Aug; 19(5):685-93. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.03.012" |
