| Title: | Advances in Smoking Related In Vitro Inhalation Toxicology: A Perspective Case of Challenges and Opportunities from Progresses in Lung-on-Chip Technologies |
| Author(s): | Singh AV; Maharjan RS; Kromer C; Laux P; Luch A; Vats T; Chandrasekar V; Dakua SP; Park BW; |
| Address: | "Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, Berlin 10589, Germany. KNIPSS Management Institute, Faridipur Campus, NH 96, Faizabad-Allahabad Road, Sultanpur 228119, Uttar Pradesh, India. Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar. Department of Chemical Engineering, Rayen School of Engineering, Youngstown State University, Youngstown 44555, Ohio, United States" |
| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00219 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1520-5010 (Electronic) 0893-228X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The inhalation toxicology of multifaceted particulate matter from the environment, cigarette smoke, and e-cigarette liquid vapes is a major research topic concerning the adverse effect of these items on lung tissue. In vitro air-liquid interface (ALI) culture models hold more potential in an inhalation toxicity assessment. Apropos to e-cigarette toxicity, the multiflavor components of the vapes pose a complex experimental bottleneck. While an appropriate ALI setup has been one part of the focus to overcome this, parallel attention towards the development of an ideal exposure system has pushed the field forward. With the advent of microfluidic devices, lung-on-chip (LOC) technologies show enormous opportunities in in vitro smoke-related inhalation toxicity. In this review, we provide a framework, establish a paradigm about smoke-related inhalation toxicity testing in vitro, and give a brief overview of breathing LOC experimental design concepts. The capabilities with optimized bioengineering approaches and microfluidics and their fundamental pros and cons are presented with specific case studies. The LOC model can imitate the structural, functional, and mechanical properties of human alveolar-capillary interface and are more reliable than conventional in vitro models. Finally, we outline current perspective challenges as well as opportunities of future development to smoking lungs-on-chip technologies based on advances in soft robotics, machine learning, and bioengineering" |
| Keywords: | Cell Culture Techniques/instrumentation/methods Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Humans *Lab-On-A-Chip Devices Lung/cytology Microfluidics/instrumentation/*methods Particulate Matter/*toxicity Robotics Tobacco Products/*toxicity Volatile Organic Compo; |
| Notes: | "MedlineSingh, Ajay Vikram Maharjan, Romi Singh Kromer, Charlotte Laux, Peter Luch, Andreas Vats, Tanusri Chandrasekar, Vaisali Dakua, Sarada Prasad Park, Byung-Wook eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review 2021/08/17 Chem Res Toxicol. 2021 Sep 20; 34(9):1984-2002. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00219. Epub 2021 Aug 16" |
