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J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci

Title:		Investigation of volatile organic metabolites in lung cancer pleural effusions by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Author(s):		Liu H; Wang H; Li C; Wang L; Pan Z; Wang L;
Address:		"College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. Respiratory Department, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China. College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China. Electronic address: lili_wang@zjut.edu.cn"
Journal Title:		J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
Year:		2014
Volume:		20131125
Issue:
Page Number:		53 - 59
DOI:		10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.11.038
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-376X (Electronic) 1570-0232 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method was applied for the investigation of low molecular weight volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) in pleural effusion samples. Three important HS-SPME experimental parameters that influence extraction efficiency (fiber coating, extraction time and temperature of sampling) were optimized by a univariate optimization design. The highest extraction efficiency was obtained when sampling was performed at 50 degrees C for 10min under agitation using a carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) fiber. A total of 36 volatile metabolites belonging to nine distinct chemical classes were identified in 40 pleural effusion samples (20 malignant effusions from lung cancer patients and 20 benign effusions from inflammatory patients). Ketones, alcohols, and benzene derivatives were the main chemical classes for the metabolomic profile of malignant effusions. The average peak areas of ketones and alcohols were much higher in malignant group compared to benign group. Together with phenols, they exhibit significant differences (P<0.05) between the two groups. Particularly, the average peak areas of cyclohexanone and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol in malignant effusions were significantly higher than those in benign ones. Furthermore, of the 36 identified metabolites, 5 compounds including cyclohexanone and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol were found to be statistically different (Student's t-test, P<0.05) between the two groups by statistical analysis based on the peak areas of all identified metabolites. Among them, cyclohexanone and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol might be considered as candidate biomarkers of lung cancer to differentiate malignant from benign effusions. The results show that HS-SPME-GC/MS is a simple, rapid, sensitive and solvent-free method for the determination of VOMs in pleural effusion samples. Pleural effusion is a valuable sample source for observation of changes in VOMs for differentiation between lung cancer patients and inflammatory individuals"
Keywords:		"Aged Aged, 80 and over Female Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods Hexanols/*analysis Humans Lung Neoplasms/chemistry/*complications/pathology Male Middle Aged Pleural Effusion/*complications/pathology Pleural Effusion, Malignant/*complications/pa;"
Notes:		"MedlineLiu, Huijun Wang, Hong Li, Caixia Wang, Lichao Pan, Zaifa Wang, Lili eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2013/12/11 J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2014 Jan 15; 945-946:53-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.11.038. Epub 2013 Nov 25"