| Title: | [Emission Status and Standards of Volatile Organic Compounds from Chinese and Foreign Bulk Petroleum Terminals] |
| Author(s): | Hu W; Ren BQ; Huang YH; Qin JP; Bian JW; Wu QZ; |
| Address: | "Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Control Technology and Applications, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Centre, Shanghai 200030, China. Guangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou 510030, China" |
| DOI: | 10.13227/j.hjkx.201906170 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 0250-3301 (Print) 0250-3301 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Chinese emission standard of air pollutants for bulk gasoline terminals (GB 20950-2007) stipulate standards for vapor emissions during gasoline storage and receiving in bulk gasoline terminals. However, the standards are not applicable to crude oil, aviation kerosene, naphtha, and other kinds of oil. We assess emission standards or directives for vapor processing equipment in terminals in the United States (US) and European Union (EU), and analyze the emission status of vapor processing equipment in three typical cities in China. We further propose revisions to GB 20950-2007. We made the following observations. 1 in circle US and EU standards include scope not only for gasoline, but also crude oil and other organic liquids. 2 in circle The emission limits of non-methane hydrocarbons defined in GB 20950-2007 are i) 0.5, 1.8, and 8.9 times those defined in Subpart XX, Subpart R, and Subpart Y in the US federal regulations, ii) 1.8 and 3.1 times those defined in Rule 462 and Rule 1142 in southern California law, and iii) 0.7 and 500 times those defined in EU and German directives, respectively. The vapor leakage limit for general areas of China is 0.5 times that defined in Subpart XX of the US standards, whereas the limits for some other specific areas of China, are 0.7 and 2.0 times those defined by Rule 462 and Rule 1142 in southern California law. 3 in circle The numerical range of P5th-P95th of NMHC emissions from the inlet and outlet of vapor processing equipment in three typical cities of China were 115-811 g.m(-3) and 0.1-20.0 g.m(-3), respectively. The proportion of NMHC emission concentrations less than or equal to 10 g.m(-3) at the outlet of vapor processing equipment was>85%. We suggest that the scope of application of GB 20950-2007 should be extended to crude oil, gasoline (including ethanol gasoline), aviation kerosene, and naphtha. The emission concentration limit of NMHC from vapor processing equipment should be tighten from 25 g.m(-3) to 20 g.m(-3), with a emission limit of 10 g.m(-3) added for particular cases" |
| Keywords: | bulk petroleum terminals emission standards non-methane total hydrocarbons(NMHC) vapor volatile organic compounds(VOCs); |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINEHu, Wei Ren, Bi-Qi Huang, Yu-Hu Qin, Jian-Ping Bian, Ji-Wei Wu, Qing-Zhu chi English Abstract China 2019/12/20 Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Jan 8; 41(1):139-145. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201906170" |
