| Title: | Spatio-temporal assessment and seasonal variation of tropospheric ozone in Pakistan during the last decade |
| Author(s): | Noreen A; Khokhar MF; Zeb N; Yasmin N; Hakeem KR; |
| Address: | "Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan. Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan. fahim.khokhar@iese.nust.edu.pk. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia. kur.hakeem@gmail.com" |
| Journal Title: | Environ Sci Pollut Res Int |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11356-017-1010-2 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1614-7499 (Electronic) 0944-1344 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "This study uses the tropospheric ozone data derived from combined observations of Ozone Monitoring Instrument/Microwave Limb Sounder instruments by using the tropospheric ozone residual method. The main objective was to study the spatial distribution and temporal evolution in the troposphere ozone columns over Pakistan during the time period of 2004 to 2014. Results showed an overall increase of 3.2 +/- 1.1 DU in tropospheric ozone columns over Pakistan. Spatial distribution showed enhanced ozone columns in the Punjab and southern Sindh consistent to high population, urbanization, and extensive anthropogenic activities, and exhibited statistically significant temporal increase. Seasonal variations in tropospheric ozone columns are driven by various factors such as seasonality in UV-B fluxes, seasonality in ozone precursor gases such as NO(x) and volatile organic compounds (caused by temperature dependent biogenic emission) and agricultural fire activities in Pakistan. A strong correlation of 96% (r = 0.96) was found between fire events and tropospheric ozone columns in Pakistan" |
| Keywords: | Fires Ozone/*analysis/chemistry Pakistan Seasons Temperature Fire events Omi/mls Tropospheric ozone; |
| Notes: | "MedlineNoreen, Asma Khokhar, Muhammad Fahim Zeb, Naila Yasmin, Naila Hakeem, Khalid Rehman eng Germany 2018/01/08 Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Mar; 25(9):8441-8454. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-1010-2. Epub 2018 Jan 6" |
