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J Environ Manage

Title:		Volatile organic compound emissions from wastewater treatment plants in Taiwan: legal regulations and costs of control
Author(s):		Cheng WH; Hsu SK; Chou MS;
Address:		"Department of Occupational Safety and Hygiene, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung County 831, Taiwan. PL031@mail.fy.edu.tw"
Journal Title:		J Environ Manage
Year:		2008
Volume:		20070906
Issue:		4
Page Number:		1485 - 1494
DOI:		10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.07.022
ISSN/ISBN:		0301-4797 (Print) 0301-4797 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This study assessed volatile organic compound (VOC) emission characteristics from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in five Taiwanese industrial districts engaged in numerous manufacturing processes, including petrochemical, science-based industry (primarily semiconductors, photo-electronics, electronic products and biological technology), as well as multiple manufacturing processes (primarily pharmaceuticals and paint manufacturing). The most aqueous hydrocarbons dissolved in the wastewater of Taiwanese WWTPs were acetone, acrylonitrile, methylene chloride, and chloroform for the petrochemical districts; acetone, chloroform, and toluene for the science-based districts; and chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons for the multiple industrial districts. The aqueous pollutants in the united WWTPs were closely related to the characteristics of the manufacturing plants in the districts. To effectively prevent VOC emissions from the primary treatment section of petrochemical WWTPs, the updated regulations governing VOC emissions were issued by the Taiwanese Environmental Protection Administration in September 2005, legally mandating a seal cover system incorporating venting and air purification equipment. Cost analysis indicates that incinerators with regenerative heat recovery are optimal for treating high VOC concentrations, exceeding 10,000 ppm as CH(4), from the oil separation basins. However, the emission concentrations, ranging from 100 to 1,000 ppm as CH(4) from the other primary treatment facilities and bio-treatment stages, should be collected and then injected into the biological oxidation basins via existing or new blowers. The additional capital and operating costs required to treat the VOC emissions of 1,000 ppm as CH(4) from primary treatment facilities are less than USD 0.1 for per m(3) wastewater treatment capacity"
Keywords:		Organic Chemicals/*analysis Quality Control Sanitary Engineering/*economics/*legislation & jurisprudence Taiwan Volatilization *Water;
Notes:		"MedlineCheng, Wen-Hsi Hsu, Shu-Kang Chou, Ming-Shean eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2007/09/11 J Environ Manage. 2008 Sep; 88(4):1485-94. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.07.022. Epub 2007 Sep 6"