| Title: | "Development of a Kairomone-Based Attractant as a Monitoring Tool for the Cocoa Pod Borer, Conopomorpha cramerella (Snellen) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)" |
| Author(s): | Niogret J; Kendra PE; Ekayanti A; Zhang A; Marelli JP; Tabanca N; Epsky N; |
| Address: | "Mars Wrigley, Nguma-Bada Campus, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia. Centre for Tropical Environmental & Sustainability Science, Nguma-Bada Campus, James Cook University, Smithfield, QLD 4878, Australia. Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, USDA-ARS, Miami, FL 33158, USA. Mars Cocoa Research Centre, Mars Wrigley, Tarengge, Luwu Timur 92971, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. Plant Sciences Laboratory, Mars Wrigley, Davis, CA 95616, USA" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 2075-4450 (Print) 2075-4450 (Electronic) 2075-4450 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The cocoa pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella, is a major economic pest of cocoa, Theobroma cacao, in Southeast Asia. CPB monitoring programs currently use a costly synthetic pheromone lure attractive to males. Field trapping experiments demonstrating an effective plant-based alternative are presented in this study. Five lychee-based products were compared for their attractiveness to CPB males. The organic lychee flavor extract (OLFE), the most attractive product, captured significantly more CPB as a 1 mL vial formulation than unbaited traps, while being competitive with the commercial pheromone lures. Additional experiments show that a 20 mL membrane OLFE lure was most effective, attracting significantly more CPB than the pheromone. When the kairomone and pheromone lures were combined, no additive or synergistic effects were observed. Concentrating the OLFE product (OLFEc) using a rotary evaporator increased the lure attractiveness to field longevity for up to 28 weeks; in contrast, pheromone lures were effective for approximately 4 weeks. The 20 mL concentrated OLFE membrane lures should provide a cheaper and more efficient monitoring tool for CPB than the current commercial pheromone lures" |
| Keywords: | Conopomorpha cramerella cocoa pod borer kairomone lure development monitoring tool pheromone; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINENiogret, Jerome Kendra, Paul E Ekayanti, Arni Zhang, Aijun Marelli, Jean-Philippe Tabanca, Nurhayat Epsky, Nancy eng CRADA 58-3K95-6615-3-003/Cooperative Research And Development Agreement USDA-Mars/ Switzerland 2022/09/23 Insects. 2022 Sep 6; 13(9):813. doi: 10.3390/insects13090813" |
