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Sci Total Environ

Title:		"Ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Calgary, Alberta: Sources and screening health risk assessment"
Author(s):		Bari MA; Kindzierski WB;
Address:		"School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-57 South Academic Building, 11405-87 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada. Electronic address: mdaynul@ualberta.ca. School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-57 South Academic Building, 11405-87 Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1C9, Canada"
Journal Title:		Sci Total Environ
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180316
Issue:
Page Number:		627 - 640
DOI:		10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.023
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Exposure to ambient volatile organic compound (VOCs) in urban areas is of interest because of their potential chronic and acute adverse effects to public health. Limited information is available about VOC sources in urban areas in Canada. An investigation of ambient VOCs levels, their potential sources and associated risks to public health was undertaken for the urban core of Alberta's largest city (downtown Calgary) for the period 2010-2015. Twenty-four hour arithmetic and geometric mean concentrations of total VOCs were 42mug/m(3) and 39mug/m(3), respectively and ranged from 16 to 160mug/m(3), with winter levels about two-fold higher than summer. Alkanes (58%) were the most dominant compounds followed by halogenated VOCs (22%) and aromatics (11%). Mean and maximum 24h ambient concentrations of selected VOCs of public health concern were below chronic and acute health risk screening criteria of the United States regulatory agencies and a cancer screening benchmark used in Alberta equivalent to 1 in 100,000 lifetime risk. The Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model revealed nine VOC sources at downtown Calgary, where oil/natural gas extraction/combustion (26%), fuel combustion (20%), traffic sources including gasoline exhaust, diesel exhaust, mixed fugitive emissions (10-15%), and industrial coatings/solvents (12%) were predominant. Other sources included dry cleaning (3.3%), biogenic (3.5%) and a background source (18%). Source-specific health risk values were also estimated. Estimated cancer risks for all sources were below the Alberta cancer screening benchmark, and estimated non-cancer risks for all sources were well below a safe level"
Keywords:		Air Pollutants/*analysis Alberta *Environmental Monitoring Humans Particulate Matter/analysis Risk Assessment Vehicle Emissions/analysis Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis Backward trajectory Calgary Oil and gas development Positive matrix factorization;
Notes:		"MedlineBari, Md Aynul Kindzierski, Warren B eng Netherlands 2018/03/14 Sci Total Environ. 2018 Aug 1; 631-632:627-640. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.023. Epub 2018 Mar 16"