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Insects

Title:		Aphids Facing Their Parasitoids: A First Look at How Chemical Signals May Make Higher Densities of the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum Less Attractive to the Parasitoid Aphidius ervi
Author(s):		Ismail M; Zanolli P; Muratori F; Hance T;
Address:		"Biodiversity Research Centre, Earth and Life Institute, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 4-5, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali, Universita di Udine, Via Delle Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy"
Journal Title:		Insects
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210928
Issue:		10
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/insects12100878
ISSN/ISBN:		2075-4450 (Print) 2075-4450 (Electronic) 2075-4450 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Herbivore-induced plant volatiles constitute the first indicators of insect host presence, and these can affect the foraging behavior of their natural enemies. The density of insect hosts may affect the nature and concentration of these plant-induced volatiles. We tested the impact of infestation density (low, intermediate, and high) of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae), feeding on the broad bean Vicia faba, on the attractiveness of the parasitoid Aphidius ervi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), using a Y-tube olfactometer (infested vs. non-infested plants). The emitted volatile compounds from both infested and non-infested plants were collected and identified. In addition, two series of experiments were carried out to test the impact of the presence of a conspecific female parasitoid within the aphid/plant complex on the attractiveness to other females. Parasitoids were significantly more attracted to the plants with low and intermediate aphid infestation levels. The volatile blend composition of the infested plants changed in relation to aphid density and may explain the low attraction of parasitoids toward high aphid density. The presence of conspecific females on the aphid patch had no apparent impact on the behavioral choices of other parasitoid females. Our study adds a new aspect to understanding plant-aphid-parasitoid interactions, including the possibility that aphids may manipulate chemical cues of host plants affecting the orientation of parasitoids"
Keywords:		6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one behavior bet hedging strategy bottom-up density vigilance;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEIsmail, Mohannad Zanolli, Penelope Muratori, Frederic Hance, Thierry eng NA/Universita degli Studi di Udine/ NA/Wallonie-Bruxelles International/ Switzerland 2021/10/24 Insects. 2021 Sep 28; 12(10):878. doi: 10.3390/insects12100878"