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Front Microbiol

Title:		Biocide effects of volatile organic compounds produced by potential biocontrol rhizobacteria on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Author(s):		Giorgio A; De Stradis A; Lo Cantore P; Iacobellis NS;
Address:		"Scuola di Scienze Agrarie, Forestali, Alimentari ed Ambientali, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata Potenza, Italy. Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Bari, Italy"
Journal Title:		Front Microbiol
Year:		2015
Volume:		20151006
Issue:
Page Number:		1056 -
DOI:		10.3389/fmicb.2015.01056
ISSN/ISBN:		1664-302X (Print) 1664-302X (Electronic) 1664-302X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Six rhizobacteria isolated from common bean and able to protect bean plants from the common bacterial blight (CBB) causal agent, were in vitro evaluated for their potential antifungal effects toward different plant pathogenic fungi, mostly soil-borne. By dual culture assays, the above bacteria resulted producing diffusible and volatile metabolites which inhibited the growth of the majority of the pathogens under study. In particular, the latter substances highly affected the mycelium growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strains, one of which was selected for further studies either on mycelium or sclerotia. Gas chromatographic analysis of the bacterial volatiles led to the identification of an array of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Time course studies showed the modification of the VOCs profile along a period of 5 days. In order to evaluate the single detected VOC effects on fungal growth, some of the pure compounds were tested on S. sclerotiorum mycelium and their minimal inhibitory quantities were determined. Similarly, the minimal inhibitory quantities on sclerotia germination were also defined. Moreover, observations by light and transmission electron microscopes highlighted hyphae cytoplasm granulation and ultrastructural alterations at cell organelles, mostly membranes, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. The membranes appeared one of the primary targets of bacterial volatiles, as confirmed by hemolytic activity observed for the majority of pure VOCs. However, of interest is the alteration observed on mitochondria as well"
Keywords:		Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hemolysis phytopathogenic fungi rhizobacteria transmission electron microscope ultrastructures volatile organic compounds;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEGiorgio, Annalisa De Stradis, Angelo Lo Cantore, Pietro Iacobellis, Nicola S eng Switzerland 2015/10/27 Front Microbiol. 2015 Oct 6; 6:1056. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01056. eCollection 2015"