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J Econ Entomol

Title:		Floral scent of Canada thistle and its potential as a generic insect attractant
Author(s):		El-Sayed AM; Byers JA; Manning LM; Jurgens A; Mitchell VJ; Suckling DM;
Address:		"HortResearch, Canterbury Research Centre, Lincoln 8152, New Zealand. ael-sayed@hortresearch.co.nz"
Journal Title:		J Econ Entomol
Year:		2008
Volume:		101
Issue:		3
Page Number:		720 - 727
DOI:		10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[720:FSOCTA]2.0.CO;2
ISSN/ISBN:		0022-0493 (Print) 0022-0493 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The flowers of Canada thistle, Cirsium arvense (L.), attract a wide range of insects, including pollinators and herbivorous species. This attraction is primarily mediated by floral odor, which offers potential for developing generic insect attractants based on odor. In this study, we have analyzed the chemical composition of the volatiles produced by Canada thistle flowers. Nineteen floral compounds were identified in the headspace, including phenylacetaldehyde (55%), methyl salicylate (14%), dimethyl salicylate (8%), pyranoid linalool oxide (4.5%), and benzaldehyde (3.5%). Other minor compounds include benzyl alcohol, methylbenzoate, linalool, phenylethyl alcohol, furanoid linalool oxide, p-anisaldehyde, 2,6-dimethyl-1,3,5,7-octatetraene, benzylacetate, benzyl tiglate, (E,E)-alpha-farnesene, benzyl benzoate, isopropyl myristate, and 2-phenylethyl ester benzoic acid. The relative attractiveness of various doses of the main floral volatile compound phenylacetaldehyde (i.e., 10, 100, 200, and 400 mg) was tested for insect attraction. Both the total catch and the biodiversity of insect species trapped increased as the loading of phenylacetaldehyde increased. Volatiles were chosen from the odors from the flowers of Canada thistle and formulated and tested in the field. An 11-component blend was the most attractive of several floral blends tested. These findings indicate that chemical components of flower odors of Canada thistle can serve as a generic insect attractant for monitoring of invasive pest species"
Keywords:		"Animals Cirsium/chemistry/*parasitology Flowers/*chemistry Insecta/classification/pathogenicity/*physiology *Odorants Oils, Volatile/analysis *Pheromones Species Specificity;"
Notes:		"MedlineEl-Sayed, A M Byers, J A Manning, L M Jurgens, A Mitchell, V J Suckling, D M eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2008/07/11 J Econ Entomol. 2008 Jun; 101(3):720-7. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493(2008)101[720:FSOCTA]2.0.CO; 2"