| Title: | "Effect of temperature, organic amendment rate and moisture content on the degradation of 1,3-dichloropropene in soil" |
| Author(s): | Dungan RS; Gan J; Yates SR; |
| Address: | "USDA-ARS, Soil Physics and Pesticides Research Unit, 450W Big Springs Rd, George E Brown Jr Salinity Laboratory, Riverside, California 92507, USA" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1526-498X (Print) 1526-498X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D), which consists of two isomers, (Z)- and (E)-1,3-D, is considered to be a viable alternative to methyl bromide, but atmospheric emission of 1,3-D is often associated with deterioration of air quality. To minimize environmental impacts of 1,3-D, emission control strategies are in need of investigation. One approach to reduce 1,3-D emissions is to accelerate its degradation by incorporating organic amendments into the soil surface. In this study, we investigated the ability of four organic amendments to enhance the rate of degradation of (Z)- and (E)-1,3-D in a sandy loam soil. Degradation of (Z)- and (E)-1,3-D was well described by first-order kinetics, and rates of degradation for the two isomers were similar. Composted steer manure (SM) was the most reactive of the organic amendments tested. The half-life of both the (Z)- and (E)-isomers in unamended soil at 20 degrees C was 6.3 days; those in 5% SM-amended soil were 1.8 and 1.9 days, respectively. At 40 degrees C, the half-life of both isomers in 5% SM-amended soil was 0.5 day. Activation energy values for amended soil at 2, 5 and 10% SM were 56.5, 53.4 and 64.5 kJ mol-1, respectively. At 20 degrees C, the contribution of degradation from biological mechanisms was largest in soil amended with SM, but chemical mechanisms still accounted for more than 58% of the (Z)- and (E)-1,3-D degradation. The effect of temperature and amendment rate upon degradation should be considered when describing the fate and transport of 1,3-D isomers in soil. Use of organic soil amendments appears to be a promising method to enhance fumigant degradation and reduce volatile emissions" |
| Keywords: | "Air Pollutants/*metabolism Allyl Compounds/chemistry/*metabolism Animals Biodegradation, Environmental/drug effects Energy Metabolism/drug effects Environmental Pollution/prevention & control Humidity Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated Insecticides/chemistry/*meta;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineDungan, R S Gan, J Yates, S R eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2002/01/23 Pest Manag Sci. 2001 Dec; 57(12):1107-13. doi: 10.1002/ps.400" |
