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J Breath Res

Title:		The variability of volatile organic compounds in the indoor air of clinical environments
Author(s):		Salman D; Ibrahim W; Kanabar A; Joyce A; Zhao B; Singapuri A; Wilde M; Cordell RL; McNally T; Ruszkiewicz D; Hadjithekli A; Free R; Greening N; Gaillard EA; Beardsmore C; Monks P; Brightling C; Siddiqui S; Thomas CLP;
Address:		"Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom. College of Life Sciences, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom. Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (Respiratory theme), Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, LE3 9QP, United Kingdom. Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom"
Journal Title:		J Breath Res
Year:		2021
Volume:		20211202
Issue:		1
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.1088/1752-7163/ac3565
ISSN/ISBN:		1752-7163 (Electronic) 1752-7155 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The development of clinical breath-analysis is confounded by the variability of background volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Reliable interpretation of clinical breath-analysis at individual, and cohort levels requires characterisation of clinical-VOC levels and exposures. Active-sampling with thermal-desorption/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry recorded and evaluated VOC concentrations in 245 samples of indoor air from three sites in a large National Health Service (NHS) provider trust in the UK over 27 months. Data deconvolution, alignment and clustering isolated 7344 features attributable to VOC and described the variability (composition and concentration) of respirable clinical VOC. 328 VOC were observed in more than 5% of the samples and 68 VOC appeared in more than 30% of samples. Common VOC were associated with exogenous and endogenous sources and 17 VOC were identified as seasonal differentiators. The presence of metabolites from the anaesthetic sevoflurane, and putative-disease biomarkers in room air, indicated that exhaled VOC were a source of background-pollution in clinical breath-testing activity. With the exception of solvents, and waxes associated with personal protective equipment (PPE), exhaled VOC concentrations above 3microg m(-3)are unlikely to arise from room air contamination, and in the absence of extensive survey-data, this level could be applied as a threshold for inclusion in studies, removing a potential environmental confounding-factor in developing breath-based diagnostics"
Keywords:		"*Air Pollutants/analysis *Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis Breath Tests Environmental Monitoring/methods Exhalation Humans State Medicine *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis Td-gc-ms breath analysis environmental VOC indoor air pollution thermal desorption;"
Notes:		"MedlineSalman, Dahlia Ibrahim, Wadah Kanabar, Amisha Joyce, Abigail Zhao, Bo Singapuri, Amisha Wilde, Michael Cordell, Rebecca L McNally, Teresa Ruszkiewicz, Dorota Hadjithekli, Andria Free, Robert Greening, Neil Gaillard, Erol A Beardsmore, Caroline Monks, Paul Brightling, Chris Siddiqui, Salman Thomas, C L Paul eng MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2021/11/02 J Breath Res. 2021 Dec 2; 16(1). doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/ac3565"