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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Source-Receptor Relationship Revealed by the Halted Traffic and Aggravated Haze in Beijing during the COVID-19 Lockdown
Author(s):		Lv Z; Wang X; Deng F; Ying Q; Archibald AT; Jones RL; Ding Y; Cheng Y; Fu M; Liu Y; Man H; Xue Z; He K; Hao J; Liu H;
Address:		"State Key Joint Laboratory of ESPC, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, International Joint Laboratory on Low Carbon Clean Energy Innovation, School of the Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States. Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China. Beijing Transport Institute, Beijing 100073, China"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2020
Volume:		20201122
Issue:		24
Page Number:		15660 - 15670
DOI:		10.1021/acs.est.0c04941
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"The COVID-19 outbreak greatly limited human activities and reduced primary emissions particularly from urban on-road vehicles but coincided with Beijing experiencing 'pandemic haze,' raising the public concerns about the effectiveness of imposed traffic policies to improve the air quality. This paper explores the relationship between local vehicle emissions and the winter haze in Beijing before and during the COVID-19 lockdown based on an integrated analysis framework, which combines a real-time on-road emission inventory, in situ air quality observations, and a localized numerical modeling system. We found that traffic emissions decreased substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic, but its imbalanced emission abatement of NO(x) (76%, 125.3 Mg/day) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs, 53%, 52.9 Mg/day) led to a significant rise of atmospheric oxidants in urban areas, resulting in a modest increase in secondary aerosols due to inadequate precursors, which still offset reduced primary emissions. Moreover, the enhanced oxidizing capacity in the surrounding regions greatly increased the secondary particles with relatively abundant precursors, which was transported into Beijing and mainly responsible for the aggravated haze pollution. We recommend that mitigation policies should focus on accelerating VOC emission reduction and synchronously controlling regional sources to release the benefits of local traffic emission control"
Keywords:		*Air Pollutants/analysis *Air Pollution/analysis Beijing *covid-19 China Environmental Monitoring Humans Pandemics Particulate Matter/analysis SARS-CoV-2 Vehicle Emissions/analysis;
Notes:		"MedlineLv, Zhaofeng Wang, Xiaotong Deng, Fanyuan Ying, Qi Archibald, Alexander T Jones, Roderic L Ding, Yan Cheng, Ying Fu, Mingliang Liu, Ying Man, Hanyang Xue, Zhigang He, Kebin Hao, Jiming Liu, Huan eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2020/11/24 Environ Sci Technol. 2020 Dec 15; 54(24):15660-15670. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04941. Epub 2020 Nov 22"