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Food Res Int

Title:		"Regulatory effects of hawthorn polyphenols on hyperglycemic, inflammatory, insulin resistance responses, and alleviation of aortic injury in type 2 diabetic rats"
Author(s):		Liu S; Yu J; Fu M; Wang X; Chang X;
Address:		"College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China. Electronic address: liusuwenyy@163.com. College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China. College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China; Hebei (Chengde) Hawthorn Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chengde, Hebei 067000, China"
Journal Title:		Food Res Int
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210225
Issue:
Page Number:		110239 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110239
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-7145 (Electronic) 0963-9969 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Hawthorn polyphenol extract (HPE) is beneficial for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the mechanism underlying its beneficial effects remains unclear. We investigated the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of HPE on insulin resistance, inflammation, and aortic injury in T2D rats, using metformin (MF) as a positive control. High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was used to determine the primary polyphenols in HPE. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate pathological conditions of the skeletal muscle, liver, and aorta vessels in each group. The levels of serum and intestinal tissue oxidative stress, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) were also assessed. Western blotting was used to evaluate protein expression levels in the associated molecular pathway. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from colon contents were determined using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility chromatography. Our results showed that supplementation with 300 mg HPE/kg body weight over four weeks significantly improved total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), insulin, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in diabetic rats (p < 0.01). The lesions of skeletal muscle, liver, and aorta in diabetic rats were significantly improved. HPE supplementation also significantly downregulated the inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-alpha, and MCP-1) in the liver of diabetic rats via the SIRT1/AMPK/NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Furthermore, HPE significantly reduced insulin resistance in T2D rats by upregulating the phosphorylation of glucose absorption protein (GLUT4) and insulin resistance-associated proteins, p-IRS1, p-AKT, and p-PI3K, in the rat liver (p < 0.01). The findings show that HPE could also alleviate aortic injury by activating SIRT1 and regulating the NF-kappaB and Wnt2/beta-catenin signaling pathways. Overall, the results of this study suggest that both HPE and MF have similar inhibitory effects on T2D in rats and that HPE could be used as a functional food component in the adjuvant treatment of T2D"
Keywords:		"Animals *Crataegus *Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy Humans *Insulin Resistance Plant Extracts/pharmacology Polyphenols/pharmacology Rats Tandem Mass Spectrometry Aorta Hs-gc-ims Hawthorn polyphenols Inf;"
Notes:		"MedlineLiu, Suwen Yu, Jincheng Fu, Mengfan Wang, Xinfang Chang, Xuedong eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Canada 2021/03/29 Food Res Int. 2021 Apr; 142:110239. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110239. Epub 2021 Feb 25"