| Title: | Silicon Supplementation Alters the Composition of Herbivore Induced Plant Volatiles and Enhances Attraction of Parasitoids to Infested Rice Plants |
| Author(s): | Liu J; Zhu J; Zhang P; Han L; Reynolds OL; Zeng R; Wu J; Shao Y; You M; Gurr GM; |
| Address: | "State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China. Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China. Fujian-Taiwan Joint Innovation Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China. Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, Charles Sturt University, OrangeNSW, Australia. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou, China. Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, MenangleNSW, Australia. College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1664-462X (Print) 1664-462X (Electronic) 1664-462X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Silicon (Si) is important in plant defenses that operate in a direct manner against herbivores, and work in rice (Oryza sativa) has established that this is mediated by the jasmonate signaling pathway. Plant defenses also operate indirectly, by the production of herbivore induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that attract predators and parasitoids of herbivores. These indirect defenses too are mediated by the jasmonate pathway but no earlier work has demonstrated an effect of Si on HIPVs. In this study, we tested the effect of Si supplementation versus Si deprivation to rice plants on subsequent HIPV production following feeding by the important pest, rice leaffolder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses showed lower production of alpha-bergamotene, beta-sesquiohellandrene, hexanal 2-ethyl, and cedrol from +Si herbivore-infested plants compared with -Si infested plants. These changes in plant chemistry were ecologically significant in altering the extent to which parasitoids were attracted to infested plants. Adult females of Trathala flavo-orbitalis and Microplitis mediator both exhibited greater attraction to the HIPV blend of +Si plants infested with their respective insect hosts compared to -Si infested plants. In equivalent studies using RNAi rice plants in which jasmonate perception was silenced there was no equivalent change to the HIPV blend associated with Si treatment; indicating that the effects of Si on HIPVs are modulated by the jasmonate pathway. Further, this work demonstrates that silicon alters the HIPV blend of herbivore-infested rice plants. The significance of this finding is that there are no earlier-published studies of this phenomenon in rice or any other plant species. Si treatment to crops offers scope for enhancing induced, indirect defenses and associated biological control of pests because parasitoids are more strongly attracted by the HIPVs produced by +Si plants" |
| Keywords: | Hipv biological control cedrol hexanal 2-ethyl induced plant defense jasmonate alpha-bergamotene beta-sesquiohellandrene; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINELiu, Jian Zhu, Jiwei Zhang, Pengjun Han, Liwei Reynolds, Olivia L Zeng, Rensen Wu, Jinhong Shao, Yue You, Minsheng Gurr, Geoff M eng Switzerland 2017/08/05 Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jul 19; 8:1265. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01265. eCollection 2017" |
