| Title: | Preliminary trials of the ethanedinitrile fumigation of logs for eradication of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and its vector insect Monochamus alternatus |
| Author(s): | Lee BH; Yang JO; Beckett S; Ren Y; |
| Address: | "Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea. Plant Quarantine Technology Centre, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. 40 Piddington Street, Watson, ACT, 2602, Australia (retired). School of Veterinary and Life Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1526-4998 (Electronic) 1526-498X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "BACKGROUND: The nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and its insect vectors from the Monochamus genus are major global quarantine pests of timber products. Owing to the phase-out of methyl bromide for plant quarantine and preshipment treatments, an alternative fumigant is essential. Based on preliminary laboratory studies on the efficacy of ethanedinitrile (C(2) N(2) ) to B. xylophilus and Monochamus alternatus, three quarantine trials were conducted at three dosages and three temperatures. Potential for inhalation exposure was assessed by monitoring atmospheric C(2) N(2) in relation to the threshold limit value. RESULTS: Concentration x time products (Ct) of 398.6, 547.2 and 595.9 g h m(-3) were obtained for each trial. A 100% mortality of B. xylophilus and M. alternatus larvae at 23 +/- 4 degrees C and 10 +/- 4 degrees C occurred with a load factor of pine logs of 46% and at 3 +/- 1 degrees C with a load factor of 30%. During all fumigations, atmospheric levels of C(2) N(2) 20 m downwind were below the TLV. During aeration, levels 10 and 5 m downwind were below the TLV after 0.4 and 1 h respectively. CONCLUSION: For the purpose of quarantine or phytosanitary treatment, specific doses of C(2) N(2) at the trial temperatures could control B. xylophilus and M. alternatus larvae without significant inhalation risk to workers. (c) 2016 Society of Chemical Industry" |
| Keywords: | Animals Antinematodal Agents/pharmacology Coleoptera/*drug effects Fumigation/*methods Insect Vectors/drug effects Larva/drug effects Nitriles/*pharmacology Pinus/parasitology Temperature Tylenchida/*drug effects Wood Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Monochamus; |
| Notes: | "MedlineLee, Byung-Ho Yang, Jeong-Oh Beckett, Stephen Ren, Yonglin eng England 2016/11/20 Pest Manag Sci. 2017 Jul; 73(7):1446-1452. doi: 10.1002/ps.4476. Epub 2017 Jan 2" |
