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Ecology

Title:		Population-wide shifts in herbivore resistance strategies over succession
Author(s):		Kalske A; Kessler A;
Address:		"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA"
Journal Title:		Ecology
Year:		2020
Volume:		20200902
Issue:		11
Page Number:		e03157 -
DOI:		10.1002/ecy.3157
ISSN/ISBN:		1939-9170 (Electronic) 0012-9658 (Linking)
Abstract:		"As a strategic cost-saving alternative to constitutive resistance, induction of resistance against herbivores in plants can be especially beneficial when enemies are scarce or variable in abundance. Although probably describing the two ends of a continuum, constitutive and induced resistance strategies have long been observed to trade off within species. Examining these traits among populations along a successional gradient can help explain how temporally variable environments can maintain genetic variation and how ecosystem processes are affected by shifting plant resistance trait expression over time. Here we leverage large experimental plots that represent a chronosequence of succession up to 15 yr in combination with common garden experiments to examine changes in the selective environment and genetic differences in tall goldenrod's (Solidago altissima) constitutive and induced resistance. We show that resistance against a specialist herbivore Trirhabda virgata was inducible in the plants originating from midsuccession, which coincides with the largest loads of herbivores. The flavonoid compound content of the leaves varied with successional stage of the population of origin, which is indicative of constitutive differences in secondary metabolite production. Finally, there was a clear trade-off between constitutive and induced resistance. Our study indicates that selection for resistance traits within a population can be highly variable over time and likely result in genetically determined shifts of resistance strategies over relatively short time periods via genotype sorting"
Keywords:		Ecosystem Genotype *Herbivory Phenotype *Solidago chronosequence constitutive resistance diterpene acids flavonoids herbivory induced resistance plant-insect interactions tall goldenrod Solidago altissima trade-offs;
Notes:		"MedlineKalske, A Kessler, A eng Koneen Saatio/ National Institute of Food and Agriculture/ New Phytologist Trust/ Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2020/08/05 Ecology. 2020 Nov; 101(11):e03157. doi: 10.1002/ecy.3157. Epub 2020 Sep 2"