| Title: | Sixty-One Volatiles Have Phylogenetic Signals Across Bacterial Domain and Fungal Kingdom |
| Author(s): | Elmassry MM; Farag MA; Preissner R; Gohlke BO; Piechulla B; Lemfack MC; |
| Address: | "Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt. Institute of Physiology and Science-IT, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. Institute of Biological Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany" |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fmicb.2020.557253 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1664-302X (Print) 1664-302X (Electronic) 1664-302X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Microorganisms are diverse in their genome sequences and subsequently in their encoded metabolic pathways, which enabled them to adapt to numerous environmental conditions. They produce thousands of small molecules, many of which are volatiles in nature and play important roles in signaling in intra- and inter-species to kingdom and domain interactions, survival, or virulence. Many of these compounds have been studied, characterized, and organized in the mVOC 2.0 database. However, such dataset has not been investigated comprehensively in terms of its phylogeny to determine key volatile markers for certain taxa. It was hypothesized that some of the volatiles described in the mVOC 2.0 database could function as a phylogenetic signal since their production is conserved among certain taxa within the microbial evolutionary tree. Our meta-analysis revealed that some volatiles were produced by a large number of bacteria but not in fungal genera such as dimethyl disulfide, acetic acid, 2-nonanone, dimethyl trisulfide, 2-undecanone, isovaleric acid, 2-tridecanone, propanoic acid, and indole (common bacterial compounds). In contrast, 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone, and 2-pentylfuran (common fungal compounds) were produced primarily by fungal genera. Such chemical information was further confirmed by investigating genomic data of publicly available databases revealing that bacteria or fungi harbor gene families involved in these volatiles' biosynthesis. Our phylogenetic signal testing identified 61 volatiles with a significant phylogenetic signal as demonstrated by phylogenetic D statistic P-value < 0.05. Thirty-three volatiles were phylogenetically conserved in the bacterial domain (e.g., cyclocitral) compared to 17 volatiles phylogenetically conserved in the fungal kingdom (e.g., aristolochene), whereas 11 volatiles were phylogenetically conserved in genera from both bacteria and fungi (e.g., geosmin). These volatiles belong to different chemical classes such as heterocyclic compounds, long-chain fatty acids, sesquiterpenoids, and aromatics. The performed approaches serve as a starting point to investigate less explored volatiles with potential roles in signaling, antimicrobial therapy, or diagnostics" |
| Keywords: | MVOCs bacteria fungi mVOC markers microbial volatile organic compounds multivariate microbial volatilomes phylogenetic analysis phylogenetic signal; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINEElmassry, Moamen M Farag, Mohamed A Preissner, Robert Gohlke, Bjorn-Oliver Piechulla, Birgit Lemfack, Marie C eng Switzerland 2020/10/27 Front Microbiol. 2020 Sep 30; 11:557253. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.557253. eCollection 2020" |
