| Title: | Semiochemicals Affecting Attraction of Ambrosia Beetle Euwallacea fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to Quercivorol: Developing Push-Pull Control |
| Author(s): | Byers JA; Maoz Y; Fefer D; Levi-Zada A; |
| Address: | "Semiochemical Solutions, Beer Yaakov, Israel. The Israel Fruit Growers Association, Yahud, Israel. Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1938-291X (Electronic) 0022-0493 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Euwallacea fornicatus (Eichhoff), the polyphagous shot hole borer (PSHB), is an ambrosia beetle infesting avocado Persea americana Mill. limbs in North America and Israel. We conducted field experiments with sticky traps in avocado orchards to develop push-pull semiochemical methods of managing PSHB. Traps baited with 10-fold increasing doses (0.01 to 100x or 1.26 microg to 12.6 mg/d) of attractant quercivorol were previously shown to increasingly capture female PSHB (males flightless). We converted trap catch of this relationship to a standardized effective attraction radius (EAR) that predicts capture power of baited-traps regardless of insect flight density. Earlier, piperitone and verbenone were shown to strongly inhibit attraction of PSHB to quercivorol-traps. We tested increasing numbers of 1x piperitone dispensers at 0.75-m distance surrounding a quercivorol-trap and found PSHB catch to decline exponentially. Increasing decadic doses (0.01 to 10x) of either verbenone or piperitone released at 1x quercivorol-traps caused a sigmoidal first-order kinetic-decay in catch. Verbenone (1x) placed at increasing distances (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 m) from a 1x quercivorol-trap became increasingly ineffective in reducing catch of PSHB. We found no evidence that ethanol released from 7.5 to 480 mg/d affected attraction of PSHB, but Scobicia chevrieri (Villa and Villa) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) was increasingly attracted. Due to their relatively short-range (<0.5 m) inhibition of attractive sources, piperitone, and verbenone dispensers should be placed on avocado trunks where PSHB aggregations occur before the flight season" |
| Keywords: | Ambrosia Animals *Coleoptera Female Insect Control Israel Male Monoterpenes North America Pheromones/pharmacology *Weevils chemical ecology inhibitors and repellents piperitone quercivorol verbenone; |
| Notes: | "MedlineByers, John A Maoz, Yonatan Fefer, Daniela Levi-Zada, Anat eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2020/07/01 J Econ Entomol. 2020 Oct 16; 113(5):2120-2127. doi: 10.1093/jee/toaa127" |
