| Title: | Role of calcium oxide in sludge granulation and methanogenesis for the treatment of palm oil mill effluent using UASB reactor |
| Author(s): | Ahmad A; Ghufran R; Abd Wahid Z; |
| Address: | "Faculty of Civil Engineering & Earth Resources, University Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. anwarak218@yahoo.co.uk" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.008 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1873-3336 (Electronic) 0304-3894 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The granulation process in palm oil mill effluent using calcium oxide-cement kiln dust (CaO-CKD) provides an attractive and cost effective treatment option. In this study the efficiency of CaO-CKD at doses of 1.5-20 g/l was tested in batch experiments and found that 10 g of CaO/l caused the greatest degradation of VFA, butyrate and acetate. An upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was operated continuously at 35 degrees C for 150 days to investigate the effect of CaO-CKD on sludge granulation and methanogenesis during start-up. The treatment of POME emphasized the influence of varying organic loading rates (OLR). Up to 94.9% of COD was removed when the reactor was fed with the 15.5-65.5 g-CODg/l at an OLR of 4.5-12.5 kg-COD/m(3)d, suggesting the feasibility of using CaO in an UASB process to treat POME. The ratio of volatile solids/total solids (VS/TS) and volatile fatty acids in the anaerobic sludge in the UASB reactor decreased significantly after long-term operation due to the precipitation of calcium carbonate in the granules. Granulation and methanogenesis decreased with an increase in the influent CaO-CKD concentration" |
| Keywords: | *Bioreactors Calcium Compounds/*chemistry Methane/*biosynthesis Oxides/*chemistry Palm Oil Plant Oils/*metabolism *Sewage; |
| Notes: | "MedlineAhmad, Anwar Ghufran, Rumana Abd Wahid, Zularisam eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2011/11/04 J Hazard Mater. 2011 Dec 30; 198:40-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.008. Epub 2011 Oct 17" |
