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Food Chem

Title:		"Determination of sugars, organic acids, aroma components, and carotenoids in grapefruit pulps"
Author(s):		Zheng H; Zhang Q; Quan J; Zheng Q; Xi W;
Address:		"College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China. Chongqing Nanshan Botanical Garden, Chongqing 400065, PR China. College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, PR China; Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, PR China. Electronic address: xwp1999@zju.edu.cn"
Journal Title:		Food Chem
Year:		2016
Volume:		20160303
Issue:
Page Number:		112 - 121
DOI:		10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.007
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-7072 (Electronic) 0308-8146 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The composition and content of sugars, organic acids, volatiles and carotenoids, in the pulps of six grapefruit cultivars, were examined by HPLC and GC-MS. The results showed that sucrose was the dominant sugar in grapefruit, making up 40.08-59.68% of the total sugars, and the ratio of fructose to glucose was almost 1:1. Citric acid was the major organic acid and represented 39.10-63.55% of the total organic acids, followed by quininic acid. The ratios of individual sugars and organic acids play an important role in grapefruit taste determination. Monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were the predominant volatiles in grapefruit, in particular d-limonene and caryophyllene. Caryophyllene, alpha-humulene, humulen-(v1), beta-linalool and tert-butyl 2-methylpropanoate are the characteristic aroma compounds of grapefruit. Although beta-carotene is the primary carotenoid in grapefruit, the pulp color is mainly determined by the ratios of zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin and lycopene. Our results provide the first complete chemical characterization of the taste, aroma and color of grapefruit"
Keywords:		Acyclic Monoterpenes Carbohydrates/*analysis Carotenoids/*analysis Citric Acid/*analysis Citrus paradisi/*chemistry Fruit/chemistry Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods Lycopene Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes Monoterpenes/analysis Odorants/*analysis Se;
Notes:		"MedlineZheng, Huiwen Zhang, Qiuyun Quan, Junping Zheng, Qiao Xi, Wanpeng eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2016/03/24 Food Chem. 2016 Aug 15; 205:112-21. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.007. Epub 2016 Mar 3"