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J Exp Bot

Title:		Plant defence responses in oilseed rape MINELESS plants after attack by the cabbage moth Mamestra brassicae
Author(s):		Ahuja I; van Dam NM; Winge P; Traelnes M; Heydarova A; Rohloff J; Langaas M; Bones AM;
Address:		"Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger-Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany; Molecular Interaction Ecology, Institute of Water and Wetland Research (IWWR), Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Department of Mathematical Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway atle.m.bones@ntnu.no"
Journal Title:		J Exp Bot
Year:		2015
Volume:		20150106
Issue:		2
Page Number:		579 - 592
DOI:		10.1093/jxb/eru490
ISSN/ISBN:		1460-2431 (Electronic) 0022-0957 (Print) 0022-0957 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The Brassicaceae family is characterized by a unique defence mechanism known as the 'glucosinolate-myrosinase' system. When insect herbivores attack plant tissues, glucosinolates are hydrolysed by the enzyme myrosinase (EC 3.2.1.147) into a variety of degradation products, which can deter further herbivory. This process has been described as 'the mustard oil bomb'. Additionally, insect damage induces the production of glucosinolates, myrosinase, and other defences. Brassica napus seeds have been genetically modified to remove myrosinase-containing myrosin cells. These plants are termed MINELESS because they lack myrosin cells, the so-called toxic mustard oil mines. Here, we examined the interaction between B. napus wild-type and MINELESS plants and the larvae of the cabbage moth Mamestra brassicae. No-choice feeding experiments showed that M. brassicae larvae gained less weight and showed stunted growth when feeding on MINELESS plants compared to feeding on wild-type plants. M. brassicae feeding didn't affect myrosinase activity in MINELESS plants, but did reduce it in wild-type seedlings. M. brassicae feeding increased the levels of indol-3-yl-methyl, 1-methoxy-indol-3-yl-methyl, and total glucosinolates in both wild-type and MINELESS seedlings. M. brassicae feeding affected the levels of glucosinolate hydrolysis products in both wild-type and MINELESS plants. Transcriptional analysis showed that 494 and 159 genes were differentially regulated after M. brassicae feeding on wild-type and MINELESS seedlings, respectively. Taken together, the outcomes are very interesting in terms of analysing the role of myrosin cells and the glucosinolate-myrosinase defence system in response to a generalist cabbage moth, suggesting that similar studies with other generalist or specialist insect herbivores, including above- and below-ground herbivores, would be useful"
Keywords:		"Animals Brassica napus/genetics/growth & development/*immunology/*parasitology Cyclopentanes/metabolism Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genes, Plant Glucosinolates/metabolism Glycoside Hydrolases/metabolism Herbivory Hydrolysis Larva/physiology Moths/*p;"
Notes:		"MedlineAhuja, Ishita van Dam, Nicole Marie Winge, Per Traelnes, Marianne Heydarova, Aysel Rohloff, Jens Langaas, Mette Bones, Atle Magnar eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2015/01/08 J Exp Bot. 2015 Feb; 66(2):579-92. doi: 10.1093/jxb/eru490. Epub 2015 Jan 6"