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Chemosphere

Title:		Hierarchical porous structure formation mechanism in food waste component derived N-doped biochar: Application in VOCs removal
Author(s):		Yang Y; Sun C; Huang Q; Yan J;
Address:		"State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. Electronic address: hqx@zju.edu.cn"
Journal Title:		Chemosphere
Year:		2022
Volume:		20211025
Issue:		Pt 1
Page Number:		132702 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132702
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-1298 (Electronic) 0045-6535 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Nitrogen-doped (N-doped) hierarchical porous carbon was widely utilized as an efficient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) adsorbent. In this work, a series of N-doped hierarchical porous carbons were successfully prepared from the direct pyrolysis process of three food waste components. The porous biochar that derived from bone showed a high specific surface area (1405.06 m(2)/g) and sizable total pore volume (0.97 cm(3)/g). The developed hierarchical porous structure was fabricated by the combined effect of self-activation (Carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and water vapor (H(2)O)) and self-template. The emission characteristics of activation gas analyzed by Thermogravimetric-Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (TG-FTIR) and the transformation of ash composition in the biochar help to illustrate the pore-forming mechanism. Calcium oxide (CaO) and hydroxylapatite were confirmed as the major templates for mesopores, while the decomposition processes of calcium carbonate (CaCO(3)) and hydroxylapatite provided a large amount of activation gas (CO(2) and H(2)O) to form micropores. The materials also obtained abundant N-containing surface functional groups (up to 7.84 atomic%) from pyrolysis of protein and chitin. Finally, the porous biochar showed excellent performance for VOCs adsorption with a promising uptake of 288 mg/g for toluene and a high adsorption rate of 0.189 min(-1). Aplenty of mesopores distributed in the materials effectively improved the mass transfer behaviors, the adsorption rate got a noticeable improvement (from 0.118 min(-1) to 0.189 min(-1)) benefited from mesopores. Reusable potentials of the hierarchical porous carbons were also satisfying. After four thermal regeneration cycles, the materials still occupied 84.8%-87.4% of the original adsorption capacities"
Keywords:		Adsorption Charcoal Food Nitrogen Porosity *Refuse Disposal *Volatile Organic Compounds Food waste Hierarchical porous carbon Nitrogen-doped VOCs adsorption;
Notes:		"MedlineYang, Yuxuan Sun, Chen Huang, Qunxing Yan, Jianhua eng England 2021/10/29 Chemosphere. 2022 Mar; 291(Pt 1):132702. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132702. Epub 2021 Oct 25"