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J Chem Ecol

Title:		Distinct Roles of Cuticular Aldehydes as Pheromonal Cues in Two Cotesia Parasitoids
Author(s):		Xu H; Zhou G; Dotterl S; Schaffler I; Degen T; Chen L; Turlings TCJ;
Address:		"School of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China. haoxu@njau.edu.cn. Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology (FARCE), Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, CH-2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland. haoxu@njau.edu.cn. Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology (FARCE), Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, CH-2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland. Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agriculture Products of Zhejiang Province, Department of Plant Protection, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Lin'an, 311300, China. Department of Biosciences, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, 5020, Salzburg, Austria. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Chemical Ecology (FARCE), Institute of Biology, University of Neuchatel, CH-2000, Neuchatel, Switzerland. ted.turlings@unine.ch"
Journal Title:		J Chem Ecol
Year:		2020
Volume:		20200106
Issue:		2
Page Number:		128 - 137
DOI:		10.1007/s10886-019-01142-9
ISSN/ISBN:		1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Cuticular compounds (CCs) that cover the surface of insects primarily serve as protection against entomopathogens, harmful substances, and desiccation. However, CCs may also have secondary signaling functions. By studying the role of CCs in intraspecific interactions, we may advance our understanding of the evolution of pheromonal communication in insects. We previously found that the gregarious parasitoid, Cotesia glomerata (L.), uses heptanal as a repellent pheromone to help avoid mate competition among sibling males, whereas another cuticular aldehyde, nonanal, is part of the female-produced attractive sex pheromone. Here, we show that the same aldehydes have different pheromonal functions in a related solitary parasitoid, Cotesia marginiventris (Cresson). Heptanal enhances the attractiveness of the female's sex pheromone, whereas nonanal does not affect a female's attractiveness. Hence, these common aldehydes are differentially used by the two Cotesia species to mediate, synergistically, the attractiveness of the main constituents of their respective sex pheromones. The specificity of the complete sex pheromone blend is apparently regulated by two specific, less volatile compounds, which evoke strong electroantennographic (EAG) responses. This is the first demonstration that volatile CCs have evolved distinct pheromonal functions to aid divergent mating strategies in closely related species. We discuss the possibility that additional compounds are involved in attraction and that, like the aldehydes, they are likely oxidative products of unsaturated cuticular hydrocarbons"
Keywords:		"Aldehydes/analysis/*chemistry/pharmacology Animals Cues Female Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Hymenoptera/*physiology Male Sex Attractants/analysis/*chemistry/pharmacology Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis/chem;"
Notes:		"MedlineXu, Hao Zhou, Guoxin Dotterl, Stefan Schaffler, Irmgard Degen, Thomas Chen, Li Turlings, Ted C J eng KYZ201920 and JCQY201904/Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities/ 2020/01/08 J Chem Ecol. 2020 Feb; 46(2):128-137. doi: 10.1007/s10886-019-01142-9. Epub 2020 Jan 6"