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Physiol Plant

Title:		Exposure to different light intensities affects emission of volatiles and accumulations of both pigments and phenolics in Azolla filiculoides
Author(s):		Brilli F; Dani KGS; Pasqualini S; Costarelli A; Cannavo S; Paolocci F; Zittelli GC; Mugnai G; Baraldi R; Loreto F;
Address:		"Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Perugia, Italy. Institute of BioEconomy (IBE), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. Institute of BioEconomy (IBE), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy. Department of Biology, The University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy"
Journal Title:		Physiol Plant
Year:		2022
Volume:		174
Issue:		1
Page Number:		e13619 -
DOI:		10.1111/ppl.13619
ISSN/ISBN:		1399-3054 (Electronic) 0031-9317 (Print) 0031-9317 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Many agronomic trials demonstrated the nitrogen-fixing ability of the ferns Azolla spp. and its obligate cyanobiont Trichormus azollae. In this study, we have screened the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and analyzed pigments (chlorophylls, carotenoids) as well as phenolic compounds in Azolla filiculoides-T. azollae symbionts exposed to different light intensities. Our results revealed VOC emission mainly comprising isoprene and methanol (~82% and ~13% of the overall blend, respectively). In particular, by dissecting VOC emission from A. filiculoides and T. azollae, we found that the cyanobacterium does not emit isoprene, whereas it relevantly contributes to the methanol flux. Enhanced isoprene emission capacity (15.95 +/- 2.95 nmol m(-2) s(-1) ), along with increased content of both phenolic compounds and carotenoids, was measured in A. filiculoides grown for long-term under high (700 mumol m(-2) s(-1) ) rather than medium (400 mumol m(-2) s(-1) ) and low (100 mumol m(-2) s(-1) ) light intensity. Moreover, light-responses of chlorophyll fluorescence demonstrated that A. filiculoides was able to acclimate to high growth light. However, exposure of A. filiculoides from low (100 mumol m(-2) s(-1) ) to very high light (1000 mumol m(-2) s(-1) ) did not affect, in the short term, photosynthesis, but slightly decreased isoprene emission and leaf pigment content whereas, at the same time, dramatically raised the accumulation of phenolic compounds (i.e. deoxyanthocyanidins and phlobaphenes). Our results highlight a coordinated photoprotection mechanism consisting of isoprene emission and phenolic compounds accumulation employed by A. filiculoides to cope with increasing light intensities"
Keywords:		*Ferns Light Nitrogen Phenols Plant Leaves;
Notes:		"MedlineBrilli, Federico Dani, K G Srikanta Pasqualini, Stefania Costarelli, Alma Cannavo, Sara Paolocci, Francesco Zittelli, Graziella Chini Mugnai, Gianmarco Baraldi, Rita Loreto, Francesco eng Prot. 2017N5LBZK/PRIN project 2017 financed by the Italian Ministry of Research (MUR)/ Denmark 2022/01/07 Physiol Plant. 2022 Jan; 174(1):e13619. doi: 10.1111/ppl.13619"