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Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)

Title:		Multiple statistical models reveal specific volatile organic compounds affect sex hormones in American adult male: NHANES 2013-2016
Author(s):		Wei C; Cao L; Zhou Y; Zhang W; Zhang P; Wang M; Xiong M; Deng C; Xiong Q; Liu W; He Q; Guo Y; Shao Z; Chen X; Chen Z;
Address:		"Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Department of Orthopaedic, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China. Department of Urology, Huangshi Central Hospital, The Affliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China"
Journal Title:		Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
Year:		2022
Volume:		20230112
Issue:
Page Number:		1076664 -
DOI:		10.3389/fendo.2022.1076664
ISSN/ISBN:		1664-2392 (Print) 1664-2392 (Electronic) 1664-2392 (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: Some VOCs are identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), interfering with the effect of sex hormones. However, no studies focused on the common spectrum of environmental VOCs exposure affecting sex hormones in the average male population. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to explore the association between VOCs and sex hormones in American adult males using multiple statistical models. METHODS: The generalized linear (GLM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), weighted quantile sum (WQS), Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and stratified models were used to evaluate the associations between Specific Volatile Organic Compounds and sex hormones in American adult male from NHANES 2013-2016. RESULTS: Pearson correlation model revealed the potential co-exposure pattern among VOCs. XGBoost algorithm models and the WQS model suggested the relative importance of VOCs. BKMR models reveal that co-exposure to the VOCs was associated with increased Testosterone (TT), Estradiol (E(2)), SHBG and decreased TT/E(2). GLM models revealed specific VOC exposure as an independent risk factor causing male sex hormones disorders. Stratified analysis identified the high-risk group on the VOCs exposures. We found Blood 2,5-Dimethylfuran in VOCs was the most significant effect on sex hormones in male. Testosterone increased by 213.594 (ng/dL) (124.552, 302.636) and estradiol increased by 7.229 (pg/mL) for each additional unit of blood 2,5-Dimethylfuran (ng/mL). CONCLUSION: This study is an academic illustration of the association between VOCs exposure and sex hormones, suggesting that exposure to VOCs might be associated with sex hormone metabolic disorder in American adult males"
Keywords:		"Male Humans United States/epidemiology *Volatile Organic Compounds Nutrition Surveys Bayes Theorem Gonadal Steroid Hormones Testosterone Estradiol Models, Statistical Shbg estradiol (E2) machine learning testosterone (TT) volatile organic compounds (VOCs);"
Notes:		"MedlineWei, Chengcheng Cao, Li Zhou, Yuancheng Zhang, Wenting Zhang, Pu Wang, Miao Xiong, Ming Deng, Changqi Xiong, Qi Liu, Weihui He, Qingliu Guo, Yihong Shao, Zengwu Chen, Xiaogang Chen, Zhaohui eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Switzerland 2023/01/31 Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jan 12; 13:1076664. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1076664. eCollection 2022"