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Sci Total Environ

Title:		"Determination of linear and cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in blood of turtles, cormorants, and seals from Canada"
Author(s):		Wang DG; de Solla SR; Lebeuf M; Bisbicos T; Barrett GC; Alaee M;
Address:		"Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada. Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Maurice Lamontagne Institute, P.O. Box 1000, Mont-Joli, QC G5H 3Z4, Canada. Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Road, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada. Electronic address: mehran.alaee@canada.ca"
Journal Title:		Sci Total Environ
Year:		2017
Volume:		20160921
Issue:
Page Number:		1254 - 1260
DOI:		10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.133
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)
Abstract:		"We measured the concentrations of linear and cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes (VMS) concentrations in the blood plasma of turtles, cormorants, and seals collected from Canadian freshwater and marine ecosystems. A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method was developed to quantify the levels of linear and cyclic VMS in the plasma samples. The cyclic VMS of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) were present in the plasma of all three species. Linear VMS compounds were observed only in seal plasma from one contaminated site. There was no statistically significant difference among species and locations for D3, D4, and D6 concentrations. Average D5 concentrations ranged from 0.143 to 7.39ngg(-1); these concentrations appeared to be associated with diffuse/urban sources. Snapping turtles, cormorants, and seals all exhibited elevated D5 concentrations in contaminated sites relative to the reference sites. Our data indicate that local urban sources of VMS contributed significantly to the observed D5 concentrations in free-ranging wildlife. The presence of cyclic VMS in the plasma of the three species from Canada demonstrates that these chemicals are ubiquitous in aquatic biological systems. This finding raises concerns regarding their persistence in freshwater and marine environments. To the best of our knowledge, this study reports the first measurements of VMS compounds in the plasma of reptiles, birds, and mammals"
Keywords:		"Animals Birds/*blood Canada Environmental Monitoring Seals, Earless/*blood Siloxanes/*analysis Turtles/*blood Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis Cormorant Plasma QuEChERS Seal Siloxane Turtle;"
Notes:		"MedlineWang, De-Gao de Solla, Shane R Lebeuf, Michel Bisbicos, Tommy Barrett, Glenn C Alaee, Mehran eng Netherlands 2016/09/25 Sci Total Environ. 2017 Jan 1; 574:1254-1260. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.133. Epub 2016 Sep 21"