| Title: | Cornflower Honey as a Model for Authentication of Unifloral Honey Using Classical Methods Combined with Plant-Based Marker Substances Such as Lumichrome |
| Author(s): | Speer K; Tanner N; Kolling-Speer I; Rohleder A; Zeippert L; Beitlich N; Lichtenberg-Kraag B; |
| Address: | "Food Chemistry, Technische Universitat Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany. Institute for Bee Research Hohen Neuendorf, Friedrich-Engels-Strasse 32, 16540 Hohen Neuendorf, Germany" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1520-5118 (Electronic) 0021-8561 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "According to legislation, unifloral honeys are characterized by their organoleptic, physicochemical, and microscopic properties. Melissopalynology is the established method for identifying the pollen taken up with the floral nectar by forager bees and is used for authentication of the nectar sources in honey. For cornflower honey (Centaurea cyanus), the pollen input does not correlate with the nectar input, because the nectar is produced both in floral and in extrafloral nectaries. The well-known cornflower marker lumichrome has now also been detected in the extrafloral nectar. Therefore, lumichrome is a suitable marker substance for cornflower honey. Four different methods for the sole analysis of lumichrome in honey were validated and compared. Studies over nine years have shown that unifloral cornflower honey should contain approximately 35 mg/kg lumichrome. For a further differentiated cornflower honey specific verification, other nonvolatile compounds like 7-carboxylumichrome and volatiles, such as 3,4-dihydro-3-oxoedulan I and 3,4-dihydro-3-oxoedulan II, should be analyzed. This enables a more specific accuracy for the classification of unifloral cornflower honey" |
| Keywords: | Animals Bees Biomarkers *Centaurea Flavins Flowers *Honey/analysis Plant Nectar Hplc-fld Hplc-pda Hs-spme-gc/ms Tlc Uhplc-ms/ms cornflower honey fluorescence lumichrome; |
| Notes: | "MedlineSpeer, Karl Tanner, Norman Kolling-Speer, Isabelle Rohleder, Anke Zeippert, Linda Beitlich, Nicole Lichtenberg-Kraag, Birgit eng 2021/09/17 J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Sep 29; 69(38):11406-11416. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03621. Epub 2021 Sep 16" |
