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Environ Pollut

Title:		Airborne toluene exposure causes germline apoptosis and neuronal damage that promotes neurobehavioural changes in Caenorhabditis elegans
Author(s):		Soares MV; Charao MF; Jacques MT; Dos Santos ALA; Luchese C; Pinton S; Avila DS;
Address:		"Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Bioquimica, Grupo de pesquisa em Bioquimica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans (GBToxCe), Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, 97500-970, Brazil. Laboratorio de Toxicologia Analitica, Universidade Feevale, Rua Rubem Berta, n masculine 200, Novo Hamburgo, CEP: 93525-090, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Bioquimica, Grupo de pesquisa em Bioquimica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans (GBToxCe), Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, 97500-970, Brazil; Laboratorio de Experimentacao em Neuropatologia - Departamento de Bioquimica, CCB, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Bloco C, Trindade, Florianopolis, SC, CEP 88040-900, Brazil. Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Bioquimica e Bioprospeccao, Laboratorio de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquimica (LaFarBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia (GPN), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil. Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Bioquimica, Grupo de pesquisa em Bioquimica e Toxicologia em Caenorhabditis elegans (GBToxCe), Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, 97500-970, Brazil. Electronic address: daianaavila@unipampa.edu.br"
Journal Title:		Environ Pollut
Year:		2020
Volume:		20191016
Issue:
Page Number:		113406 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113406
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-6424 (Electronic) 0269-7491 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Toluene is a highly volatile organic solvent present in gasoline. Exposure mainly occurs by absorption via the pulmonary tract and easily reaches the central nervous system, which causes toxic effects. Toluene toxicity has been described but not well established. The present work aimed to evaluate the effects of airborne exposure to toluene, the in vivo model Caenorhabditis elegans was assessed to determine whether nematode could be used to evaluate the effects of exposure to toluene and the possible mechanisms of toxicity of the solvent. Worms at the first or fourth larval stages were exposed to toluene for 48 or 24?ª+h, respectively, in a laboratory-developed vapor chamber at concentrations of 450, 850, 1250 and 1800?ª+ppm. We observed increases in worm mortality and significant developmental delays that occurred in a concentration-dependent manner. An increased incidence of apoptotic events in treated germline cells was shown, which was consistent with observed reductions in reproductive capacity. In addition, toluene promoted significant behavioural changes affecting swimming movements and radial locomotion, which were associated with changes in the fluorescence intensity and morphology of GABAergic and cholinergic neurons. We conclude that toluene exposure was toxic to C. elegans, with effects produced by the induction of apoptosis and neuronal damage"
Keywords:		Air Pollutants/analysis/*toxicity Animals Apoptosis/physiology Caenorhabditis elegans/drug effects/*physiology Germ Cells Larva/drug effects Locomotion/drug effects Neurons/drug effects Reproduction/drug effects Toluene/analysis/*toxicity Locomotion Neuro;
Notes:		"MedlineSoares, Marcell Valandro Charao, Mariele Feiffer Jacques, Mauricio Tavares Dos Santos, Ana Laura Anibaletto Luchese, Cristiane Pinton, Simone Avila, Daiana Silva eng England 2019/10/31 Environ Pollut. 2020 Jan; 256:113406. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113406. Epub 2019 Oct 16"