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J Chem Ecol

Title:		Identification of a sex pheromone produced by sternal glands in females of the caddisfly Molanna angustata curtis
Author(s):		Lofstedt C; Bergmann J; Francke W; Jirle E; Hansson BS; Ivanov VD;
Address:		"Department of Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. christer.lofstedt@ekol.lu.se"
Journal Title:		J Chem Ecol
Year:		2008
Volume:		20080123
Issue:		2
Page Number:		220 - 228
DOI:		10.1007/s10886-007-9418-7
ISSN/ISBN:		0098-0331 (Print) 1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In the caddisfly Molanna angustata, females produce a sex pheromone in glands with openings on the fifth sternite. Gas chromatographic analyses of pheromone gland extracts with electroantennographic detection revealed four major compounds that stimulated male antennae. These compounds were identified by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and enantioselective gas chromatography as heptan-2-one, (S)-heptan-2-ol, nonan-2-one, and (S)-nonan-2-ol in the approximate ratio of 1:1:4:10, respectively. Field tests showed that the mixture of the two alcohols was attractive to males whereas addition of the corresponding ketones reduced trap catches. The sex pheromone of M. angustata, a species in the family Molannidae within the suborder Integripalpia, is similar to the pheromones or pheromone-like compounds previously reported from six other trichopteran families, including members of the basal suborder Annulipalpia. This suggests that minimal evolutionary change of the pheromone chemistry has taken place within the leptoceroid branch of integripalpian Trichoptera compared to the ancestral character state"
Keywords:		"Abdomen Alcohols/analysis/pharmacology Animals Behavior, Animal/drug effects Electrophysiology Exocrine Glands/*metabolism Female Head Insecta/*physiology Ketones/analysis/pharmacology Male Sense Organs/drug effects/physiology Sex Attractants/*analysis/ph;"
Notes:		"MedlineLofstedt, Christer Bergmann, Jan Francke, Wittko Jirle, Erling Hansson, Bill S Ivanov, Vladimir D eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2008/01/24 J Chem Ecol. 2008 Feb; 34(2):220-8. doi: 10.1007/s10886-007-9418-7. Epub 2008 Jan 23"