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Environ Int

Title:		Effect of photochemical losses of ambient volatile organic compounds on their source apportionment
Author(s):		Liu B; Yang Y; Yang T; Dai Q; Zhang Y; Feng Y; Hopke PK;
Address:		"State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research, Tianjin 300350, China. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control & Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for Atmospheric Environment-Health Research, Tianjin 300350, China. Electronic address: zhafox@nankai.edu.cn. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Institute for a Sustainable Environment, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA"
Journal Title:		Environ Int
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230118
Issue:
Page Number:		107766 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.envint.2023.107766
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-6750 (Electronic) 0160-4120 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Photochemical losses of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) substantially affect source apportionment analysis. Hourly speciated VOC data measured from April to August 2020 in Tianjin, China were used to analyze the photochemical losses of VOC species and assess the impacts of photochemical losses on source apportionment by comparing the positive matrix factorization (PMF) results based on observed and initial concentration data (OC-PMF and IC-PMF). The initial concentrations of the VOC species were estimated using a photochemical age-based parameterization method. The results suggest that the average photochemical loss of total VOCs (TVOCs) during the ozone pollution period was 2.4 times higher than that during the non-ozone pollution period. The photochemical loss of alkenes was more significant than that of the other VOC species. Temperature has an important effect on photochemical losses, and different VOC species have different sensitivities to temperature; high photochemical losses mainly occurred at temperatures between 25 degrees C and 35 degrees C. Photochemical losses reduced the concentrations of highly reactive species in the OC-PMF factor profile. Compared with the IC-PMF results, the OC-PMF contributions of biogenic emissions and polymer production-related industrial sources were underestimated by 73 % and 50 %, respectively, likely due to the oxidation of isoprene and propene, respectively. The contribution of diesel and gasoline evaporation was underestimated by 39 %, which was likely due to the loss of m,p-xylene. Additionally, the contributions of liquefied petroleum gas, vehicle emissions, natural gas, and oil refinery were underestimated by 31 %, 29 %, 23 %, and 13 %, respectively. When the O(3) concentrations were higher than 140 mug m(-3) or the temperatures were higher than 30 degrees C, the photochemical losses from most sources increased substantially. Additionally, solar radiation produced different photochemical losses for different source types"
Keywords:		*Air Pollutants/analysis *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis Environmental Monitoring/methods Vehicle Emissions/analysis China Pmf Photochemical losses Source apportionment Volatile organic compounds;
Notes:		"MedlineLiu, Baoshuang Yang, Yang Yang, Tao Dai, Qili Zhang, Yufen Feng, Yinchang Hopke, Philip K eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2023/01/28 Environ Int. 2023 Feb; 172:107766. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107766. Epub 2023 Jan 18"