| Title: | "Indoor exposure to selected flame retardants and quantifying importance of environmental, human behavioral and physiological parameters" |
| Author(s): | Li Z; Zhang X; Wang B; Shen G; Zhang Q; Zhu Y; |
| Address: | "State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Big Data and Intelligent Decision-making, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; SJTU-UNIDO Joint Institute of Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China. Electronic address: yzhu16@sjtu.edu.cn" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155422 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Indoor exposure to organic flame retardants (FRs) has raised extensive concern due to associated adverse health effects. Indoor-exposure induced daily intakes of six widely used FRs individually ranged 0.002-611?ª+ng/day and 0.02-463?ª+ng/day, respectively, for adults and 2-6-year-old children; and resulting internal exposure levels ranged 0.1-159 and 2.1-4500?ª+ng/g lipid, respectively. A proportion of 0.001-5.9% and 0.006-10.3% of individual FRs emitted into indoor air ultimately entered bodies of adults and children respectively. Tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate dominated in emissions, whilst 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate dominated in human bodies. Hand-to-mouth contact was the most important exposure pathway for less volatile FRs including most brominated FRs, whilst inhalation was the predominant intake pathway of tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate. Relative importance of 29 environmental, behavioral and physiological parameters was ranked to explore key drivers influencing exposure and accumulation of FRs in humans. Results suggested that frequent bathing and handwashing can reduce exposure effectively, especially for children. Bodyweight and lipid fraction were only positively related to internal accumulation and body-weight-normalized concentrations of compounds with low metabolic rates (half-lives >/=10(3)?ª+h) in humans. Our findings help control indoor exposure to FRs and are supportive of human exposome studies in the future" |
| Keywords: | "Adult *Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis Child Dust/analysis Environmental Exposure Environmental Monitoring *Flame Retardants/analysis Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/analysis Humans Lipids Organophosphates/analysis Organophosphorus Compounds/analysis Phosphate;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineLi, Zengwei Zhang, Xianming Wang, Bin Shen, Guofeng Zhang, Qinghua Zhu, Ying eng Netherlands 2022/04/25 Sci Total Environ. 2022 Aug 20; 835:155422. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155422. Epub 2022 Apr 21" |
