« Previous AbstractExtended aroma extract dilution analysis profile of Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata) pulp essential oil    Next AbstractIndoor air quality improvement and purification by atmospheric pressure Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP) »

Foods

Title:		"Multivariate Profiling of Metabolites and Volatile Organic Compounds in Citrus depressa Hayata Fruits from Kagoshima, Okinawa, and Taiwan"
Author(s):		Asikin Y; Tamura Y; Aono Y; Kusano M; Shiba H; Yamamoto M; Mitsube F; Lin SY; Takara K; Wada K;
Address:		"Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara 903-0213, Japan. United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan. Feed and Livestock Production Division, Zennoh, Tokyo 100-6832, Japan. Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan. Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan. Tsukuba-Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan. RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan. Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan. Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Research Center Nago Branch, Nago 905-0012, Japan. Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"
Journal Title:		Foods
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230804
Issue:		15
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/foods12152951
ISSN/ISBN:		2304-8158 (Print) 2304-8158 (Electronic) 2304-8158 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Citrus depressa Hayata is a small-fruit citrus species; it is indigenous to Kagoshima, Okinawa, and Taiwan. The metabolites and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that affect the flavor of its fruits have not been investigated based on geographical origin. In the present study, we investigated the metabolite and VOC profiles of 18 C. depressa cultivation lines from these regions. Multivariate analysis revealed differences in the metabolites of C. depressa based on its cultivation origins; variations in sugar, sugar alcohol, and amino acid contents were also observed. Fruits from Kagoshima and Okinawa had higher galactinol, trehalose, xylose, glucose, and sucrose intensities than fruits from Taiwan (log(2)-fold change; 2.65-3.44, 1.68-2.13, 1.37-2.01, 1.33-1.57, and 1.07-1.43, respectively), whereas the Taiwanese lines contained higher leucine, isoleucine, serine, and alanine. In contrast to the Taiwanese Nantou line, other cultivation lines had comparable total VOC contents, and the VOCs of all lines were dominated by limonene, gamma-terpinene, and p-cymene. Accordingly, the highest VOC intensities were recorded in the Nantou line, which was followed by Shikunin sweet (Kagoshima) and Taoyuan (Taiwan) (log(10) normalize concentration; 5.11, 3.08, and 3.01, respectively). Moreover, multivariate analysis plots elucidated the difference in the VOCs of Ishikunibu (Okinawa), Shikunin sweet, and Taoyuan and between those of most Kagoshima and Okinawa cultivation lines. These results suggest that both the cultivation line and origin influence the metabolites and VOCs of C. depressa, thus possibly affecting its flavor quality; the data provide a valuable insight for utilizing C. depressa of different cultivation lines and origins to produce foods and beverages"
Keywords:		Citrus depressa Shiikuwasha metabolites multivariate analysis volatile organic compounds;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEAsikin, Yonathan Tamura, Yoshio Aono, Yusuke Kusano, Miyako Shiba, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Masashi Mitsube, Fumimasa Lin, Shu-Yen Takara, Kensaku Wada, Koji eng Lotte Foundation/ 2132; 2203/Tsukuba-Plant Innovation Research Center (T-PIRC), University of Tsukuba/ Switzerland 2023/08/12 Foods. 2023 Aug 4; 12(15):2951. doi: 10.3390/foods12152951"