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J Chem Ecol

Title:		Leaf volatile emissions of Betula pendula during autumn coloration and leaf fall
Author(s):		Holopainen JK; Heijari J; Oksanen E; Alessio GA;
Address:		"Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70210, Kuopio, Finland. Jarmo.Holopainen@uef.fi"
Journal Title:		J Chem Ecol
Year:		2010
Volume:		20100914
Issue:		10
Page Number:		1068 - 1075
DOI:		10.1007/s10886-010-9857-4
ISSN/ISBN:		1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Deciduous trees remobilize the nitrogen in leaves during the process of autumn coloration, thus providing a high quality food source for aphids preparing to lay over-wintering eggs. It has been suggested that aphids may use volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to: (a) select leaves where nutrient remobilization has started and induced defenses are reduced; and (b) detect the time of leaf abscission. We analyzed VOCs emitted by the foliage of Betula pendula Roth. during autumn coloration and from leaf litter just after leaf fall. We tested the hypothesis that costly, photosynthesis-related terpenes and other herbivore-induced VOCs related to attraction of aphid parasitoids and predators are reduced during the coloration process. We also investigated if the VOC emission profile of abscising leaves is different from that of early stage yellowing leaves. Enemy-luring compounds (E)-beta-ocimene, linalool, and (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (DMNT) were emitted only from the green foliage. Methyl salicylate (MeSa), known to recruit predatory bugs and attract migrant aphids, was emitted until the first stage of color change. Cis-3-hexenol, an indicator of cellular disintegration, became dominant in the emissions from abscising leaves and from fresh leaf litter. We discuss the ecological significance of the observed changes in birch leaf VOC profiles during the process of autumn senescence"
Keywords:		Acyclic Monoterpenes Alkenes/metabolism Animals Aphids/*physiology Betula/*physiology Ecosystem Monoterpenes/metabolism Photosynthesis/physiology Plant Leaves/*chemistry/metabolism Salicylates/metabolism Seasons Terpenes/metabolism Time Factors Volatile O;
Notes:		"MedlineHolopainen, Jarmo K Heijari, Juha Oksanen, Elina Alessio, Giorgio A eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2010/09/15 J Chem Ecol. 2010 Oct; 36(10):1068-75. doi: 10.1007/s10886-010-9857-4. Epub 2010 Sep 14"