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Astrobiology

Title:		Influence of Calcium Perchlorate on the Search for Organics on Mars with Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide Thermochemolysis
Author(s):		He Y; Buch A; Szopa C; Williams AJ; Millan M; Malespin CA; Glavin DP; Freissinet C; Eigenbrode JL; Teinturier S; Coscia D; Bonnet JY; Stern JC; Stalport F; Guzman M; Chaouche-Mechidal N; Lu P; Navarro-Gonzalez R; Butin V; El Bekri J; Cottin H; Johnson S; Cabane M; Mahaffy PR;
Address:		"Laboratoire Genie des Procedes et Materiaux (LGPM), CentraleSupelec, University Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. LATMOS/IPSL, UVSQ Universite Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Universite, CNRS, Guyancourt, France. Space Science Exploration Division (Code 690), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. Telespazio France, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systemes Atmospheriques (LISA), UMR CNRS 7583, Universite Paris Est Creteil et Universite de Paris, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Creteil, France. LGPM, CentraleSupelec, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Europeen de Biotechnologie et de Bioeconomie (CEBB), Universite Paris-Saclay, Pomacle, France. Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico"
Journal Title:		Astrobiology
Year:		2021
Volume:		20201211
Issue:		3
Page Number:		279 - 297
DOI:		10.1089/ast.2020.2252
ISSN/ISBN:		1557-8070 (Electronic) 1557-8070 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) and Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instruments onboard the Exomars 2022 and Mars Science Laboratory rovers, respectively, are capable of organic matter detection and differentiating potentially biogenic from abiotic organics in martian samples. To identify organics, both these instruments utilize pyrolysis-gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and the thermochemolysis agent tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is also used to increase organic volatility. However, the reactivity and efficiency of TMAH thermochemolysis are affected by the presence of calcium perchlorate on the martian surface. In this study, we determined the products of TMAH pyrolysis in the presence and absence of calcium perchlorate at different heating rates (flash pyrolysis and SAM-like ramp pyrolysis with a 35 degrees C.min(-1) heating rate). The decomposition mechanism of TMAH pyrolysis in the presence of calcium perchlorate was studied by using stepped pyrolysis. Moreover, the effect of calcium perchlorate (at Mars-relevant concentrations) on the recovery rate of fatty acids with TMAH thermochemolysis was studied. Results demonstrate that flash pyrolysis yields more diversity and greater abundances of TMAH thermochemolysis products than does the SAM-like ramp pyrolysis method. There is no obvious effect of calcium perchlorate on TMAH degradation when the [ClO(4)(-)] is lower than 10 weight percent (wt %). Most importantly, the presence of calcium perchlorate does not significantly impact the recovery rate of fatty acids with TMAH thermochemolysis under laboratory conditions, which is promising for the detection of fatty acids via TMAH thermochemolysis with the SAM and MOMA instruments on Mars"
Keywords:		"Calcium Extraterrestrial Environment Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry *Mars *Perchlorates Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Calcium perchlorate Mars Pyrolysis-GC-MS SAM and MOMA.Astrobiology 21, 279-297 TMAH thermochemolysis;"
Notes:		"MedlineHe, Yuanyuan Buch, Arnaud Szopa, Cyril Williams, Amy J Millan, Maeva Malespin, Charles A Glavin, Daniel P Freissinet, Caroline Eigenbrode, Jennifer L Teinturier, Samuel Coscia, David Bonnet, Jean-Yves Stern, Jennifer C Stalport, Fabien Guzman, Melissa Chaouche-Mechidal, Naila Lu, Pin Navarro-Gonzalez, Rafael Butin, Vincent El Bekri, Jamila Cottin, Herve Johnson, Sarah Cabane, Michel Mahaffy, Paul R eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2020/12/12 Astrobiology. 2021 Mar; 21(3):279-297. doi: 10.1089/ast.2020.2252. Epub 2020 Dec 11"