| Title: | Knock-Down of Gossypol-Inducing Cytochrome P450 Genes Reduced Deltamethrin Sensitivity in Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) |
| Author(s): | Hafeez M; Liu S; Jan S; Shi L; Fernandez-Grandon GM; Gulzar A; Ali B; Rehman M; Wang M; |
| Address: | "Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. drhafeez@webmail.hzau.edu.cn. Laboratory of medicinal Biophysical Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. liusisi@mail.hzau.edu.cn. Department of Agriculture Entomology Section, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda 24630, Pakistan. drsaadjan@bkuc.edu.cn. Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. leshi@webmail.hzau.edu.cn. Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, Gillingham ME4 4TB, UK. m.fernandez-grandon@greenwich.ac.uk. Department of Entomology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab 46000, Pakistan. asim@uaar.edu.pk. Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. bahardirvi@webmail.hzau.edu.cn. MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. muzammal@webmail.hzau.edu.cn. Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. wangmo@mail.hzau.edu.cn" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Plants employ an intricate and dynamic defense system that includes physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms to counteract the effects of herbivorous attacks. In addition to their tolerance to phytotoxins, beet armyworm has quickly developed resistance to deltamethrin; a widely used pyrethroid insecticide in cotton fields. The lethal concentration (LC(50)) required to kill 50% of the population of deltamethrin to gossypol-fed Spodoptera exigua larvae was 2.34-fold higher than the control group, suggesting a reduced sensitivity as a consequence of the gossypol diet. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) treatment was found to synergize with deltamethrin in gossypol-fed S. exigua larvae. To counteract these defensive plant secondary metabolites, beet armyworm elevates their production of detoxification enzymes, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s). Gossypol-fed beet armyworm larvae showed higher 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD) activities and exhibited enhanced tolerance to deltamethrin after 48 and 72 h when compared to the control. Moreover, gossypol pretreated S. exigua larvae showed faster weight gain than the control group after transferring to a deltamethrin-supplemented diet. Meanwhile, gossypol-induced P450s exhibited high divergence in the expression level of two P450 genes: CYP6AB14 and CYP9A98 in the midgut and fat bodies contributed to beet armyworm tolerance to deltamethrin. Knocking down of CYP6AB14 and CYP9A98, via double-stranded RNAs (dsRNA) in a controlled diet, rendered the larvae more sensitive to the insecticide. These data demonstrate that generalist insects can exploit secondary metabolites from host plants to enhance their defense systems against other toxic chemicals. Impairing this defense pathway by RNA interference (RNAi) holds a potential to eliminate the pest's tolerance to insecticides and, therefore, reduce the required dosages of agrochemicals in pest control" |
| Keywords: | Animals Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/*genetics Gossypol/pharmacology Insect Proteins/*genetics Insecticide Resistance/*genetics Insecticides/*toxicity Nitriles/*toxicity Piperonyl Butoxide/pharmacology Pyrethrins/*toxicity Spodoptera/drug effects/*genet; |
| Notes: | "MedlineHafeez, Muhammad Liu, Sisi Jan, Saad Shi, Le Fernandez-Grandon, G Mandela Gulzar, Asim Ali, Bahar Rehman, Muzammal Wang, Mo eng 31171874/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ 2017CFB233/Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province/ 52902-0900202797/Fundamental Research funds for the Central Universities/ Switzerland 2019/05/10 Int J Mol Sci. 2019 May 7; 20(9):2248. doi: 10.3390/ijms20092248" |
