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J Breath Res

Title:		A literature survey of all volatiles from healthy human breath and bodily fluids: the human volatilome
Author(s):		Drabinska N; Flynn C; Ratcliffe N; Belluomo I; Myridakis A; Gould O; Fois M; Smart A; Devine T; Costello BL;
Address:		"Division of Food Sciences, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland. Centre of Research in Biosciences, University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom. Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, QEQM Building, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom"
Journal Title:		J Breath Res
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210421
Issue:		3
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.1088/1752-7163/abf1d0
ISSN/ISBN:		1752-7163 (Electronic) 1752-7155 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This paper comprises an updated version of the 2014 review which reported 1846 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) identified from healthy humans. In total over 900 additional VOCs have been reported since the 2014 review and the VOCs from semen have been added. The numbers of VOCs found in breath and the other bodily fluids are: blood 379, breath 1488, faeces 443, milk 290, saliva 549, semen 196, skin 623 and urine 444. Compounds were assigned CAS registry numbers and named according to a common convention where possible. The compounds have been included in a single table with the source reference(s) for each VOC, an update on our 2014 paper. VOCs have also been grouped into tables according to their chemical class or functionality to permit easy comparison. Careful use of the database is needed, as a number of the identified VOCs only have level 2-putative assignment, and only a small fraction of the reported VOCs have been validated by standards. Some clear differences are observed, for instance, a lack of esters in urine with a high number in faeces and breath. However, the lack of compounds from matrices such a semen and milk compared to breath for example could be due to the techniques used or reflect the intensity of effort e.g. there are few publications on VOCs from milk and semen compared to a large number for breath. The large number of volatiles reported from skin is partly due to the methodologies used, e.g. by collecting skin sebum (with dissolved VOCs and semi VOCs) onto glass beads or cotton pads and then heating to a high temperature to desorb VOCs. All compounds have been included as reported (unless there was a clear discrepancy between name and chemical structure), but there may be some mistaken assignations arising from the original publications, particularly for isomers. It is the authors' intention that this work will not only be a useful database of VOCs listed in the literature but will stimulate further study of VOCs from healthy individuals; for example more work is required to confirm the identification of these VOCs adhering to the principles outlined in the metabolomics standards initiative. Establishing a list of volatiles emanating from healthy individuals and increased understanding of VOC metabolic pathways is an important step for differentiating between diseases using VOCs"
Keywords:		*Body Fluids Breath Tests Feces Humans Saliva *Volatile Organic Compounds blood breath faeces milk semen skin urine volatile organic compounds;
Notes:		"MedlineDrabinska, Natalia Flynn, Cheryl Ratcliffe, Norman Belluomo, Ilaria Myridakis, Antonis Gould, Oliver Fois, Matteo Smart, Amy Devine, Terry Costello, Ben De Lacy eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review England 2021/03/25 J Breath Res. 2021 Apr 21; 15(3). doi: 10.1088/1752-7163/abf1d0"