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Oecologia

Title:		"Diversification of petal monoterpene profiles during floral development and senescence in wild roses: relationships among geraniol content, petal colour, and floral lifespan"
Author(s):		Dani KGS; Fineschi S; Michelozzi M; Trivellini A; Pollastri S; Loreto F;
Address:		"Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy. srikantadani@yahoo.co.uk. Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Piazzale Aldo Moro 7, 00185, Rome, Italy. srikantadani@yahoo.co.uk. Institute of Heritage Science, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy. Laboratory for the Analysis and Research in Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy. Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56124, Pisa, Italy. Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy. Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, National Research Council of Italy, Piazzale Aldo Moro 7, 00185, Rome, Italy. francesco.loreto@cnr.it"
Journal Title:		Oecologia
Year:		2021
Volume:		20200725
Issue:		4
Page Number:		957 - 969
DOI:		10.1007/s00442-020-04710-z
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-1939 (Electronic) 0029-8549 (Print) 0029-8549 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Wild roses store and emit a large array of fragrant monoterpenes from their petals. Maximisation of fragrance coincides with floral maturation in many angiosperms, which enhances pollination efficiency, reduces floral predation, and improves plant fitness. We hypothesized that petal monoterpenes serve additional lifelong functions such as limiting metabolic damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS), and altering isoprenoid hormonal abundance to increase floral lifespan. Petal monoterpenes were quantified at three floral life-stages (unopened bud, open mature, and senescent) in 57 rose species and 16 subspecies originating from Asia, America, and Europe, and relationships among monoterpene richness, petal colour, ROS, hormones, and floral lifespan were analysed within a phylogenetic context. Three distinct types of petal monoterpene profiles, revealing significant developmental and functional differences, were identified: Type A, species where monoterpene abundance peaked in open mature flowers depleting thereafter; Type B, where monoterpenes peaked in senescing flowers increasing from bud stage, and a rare Type C (8 species) where monoterpenes depleted from bud stage to senescence. Cyclic monoterpenes peaked during early floral development, whereas acyclic monoterpenes (dominated by geraniol and its derivatives, often 100-fold more abundant than other monoterpenes) peaked during floral maturation in Type A and B roses. Early-diverging roses were geraniol-poor (often Type C) and white-petalled. Lifetime changes in hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) revealed a significant negative regression with the levels of petal geraniol at all floral life-stages. Geraniol-poor Type C roses also showed higher cytokinins (in buds) and abscisic acid (in mature petals), and significantly shorter floral lifespan compared with geraniol-rich Type A and B roses. We conclude that geraniol enrichment, intensification of petal colour, and lower potential for H(2)O(2)-related oxidative damage characterise and likely contribute to longer floral lifespan in monoterpene-rich wild roses"
Keywords:		Acyclic Monoterpenes Color Hydrogen Peroxide Longevity Monoterpenes Phylogeny *Rosa Floral diversity Floral evolution Floral lifespan Floral volatiles Flower size Geraniol Isoprenoid hormones Petal colour Rose petals Wild roses;
Notes:		"MedlineDani, K G Srikanta Fineschi, Silvia Michelozzi, Marco Trivellini, Alice Pollastri, Susanna Loreto, Francesco eng 2015-16/Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche/ 746821/Horizon 2020 Framework Programme/ Germany 2020/07/28 Oecologia. 2021 Dec; 197(4):957-969. doi: 10.1007/s00442-020-04710-z. Epub 2020 Jul 25"