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Polymers (Basel)

Title:		A Review on Styrene Substitutes in Thermosets and Their Composites
Author(s):		Wu Y; Fei M; Qiu R; Liu W; Qiu J;
Address:		"College of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita 015-0055, Japan"
Journal Title:		Polymers (Basel)
Year:		2019
Volume:		20191105
Issue:		11
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/polym11111815
ISSN/ISBN:		2073-4360 (Electronic) 2073-4360 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In recent decades, tremendous interest and technological development have been poured into thermosets and their composites. The thermosets and composites with unsaturated double bonds curing system are especially concerned due to their versatility. To further exploit such resins, reactive diluents (RDs) with unsaturated sites are usually incorporated to improve their processability and mechanical properties. Traditional RD, styrene, is a toxic volatile organic compound and one of the anticipated carcinogens warned by the National Institute of Health, USA. Most efforts have been conducted on reducing the usage of styrene in the production of thermosets and their composites, while very few works have systematically summarized these literatures. Herein, recent developments regarding styrene substitutes in thermosets and their composites are reviewed. Potential styrene alternatives, such as vinyl derivatives of benzene and (methyl)acrylates are discussed in details. Emphasis is focused on the strategies on developing novel RD monomers through grafting unsaturated functional groups on renewable feedstocks such as carbohydrates, lignin, and fatty acids. This review also highlights the development and characteristics of RD monomers and their influence on processability and mechanical performance of the resulting thermosets and composites"
Keywords:		composites reactive diluent styrene-free thermosetting resin;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEWu, Yuchao Fei, Mingen Qiu, Renhui Liu, Wendi Qiu, Jianhui eng 31670568/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ 31800486/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ KXb16007A/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University/ Review Switzerland 2019/11/07 Polymers (Basel). 2019 Nov 5; 11(11):1815. doi: 10.3390/polym11111815"