| Title: | Ascaroside signaling is widely conserved among nematodes |
| Author(s): | Choe A; von Reuss SH; Kogan D; Gasser RB; Platzer EG; Schroeder FC; Sternberg PW; |
| Address: | "Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Biology Division, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cub.2012.03.024 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-0445 (Electronic) 0960-9822 (Print) 0960-9822 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "BACKGROUND: Nematodes are among the most successful animals on earth and include important human pathogens, yet little is known about nematode pheromone systems. A group of small molecules called ascarosides has been found to mediate mate finding, aggregation, and developmental diapause in Caenorhabditis elegans, but it is unknown whether ascaroside signaling exists outside of the genus Caenorhabditis. RESULTS: To determine whether ascarosides are used as signaling molecules by other nematode species, we performed a mass spectrometry-based screen for ascarosides in secretions from a variety of both free-living and parasitic (plant, insect, and animal) nematodes. We found that most of the species analyzed, including nematodes from several different clades, produce species-specific ascaroside mixtures. In some cases, ascaroside biosynthesis patterns appear to correlate with phylogeny, whereas in other cases, biosynthesis seems to correlate with lifestyle and ecological niche. We further show that ascarosides mediate distinct nematode behaviors, such as retention, avoidance, and long-range attraction, and that different nematode species respond to distinct, but overlapping, sets of ascarosides. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that nematodes utilize a conserved family of signaling molecules despite having evolved to occupy diverse ecologies. Their structural features and level of conservation are evocative of bacterial quorum sensing, where acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are both produced and sensed by many species of gram-negative bacteria. The identification of species-specific ascaroside profiles may enable pheromone-based approaches to interfere with reproduction and survival of parasitic nematodes, which are responsible for significant agricultural losses and many human diseases worldwide" |
| Keywords: | Animals Carboxylic Acids/*metabolism Glycosides/*metabolism Nematoda/*metabolism *Signal Transduction; |
| Notes: | "MedlineChoe, Andrea von Reuss, Stephan H Kogan, Dima Gasser, Robin B Platzer, Edward G Schroeder, Frank C Sternberg, Paul W eng HHMI/Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ R01 GM085285-04/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ GM085285/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ R01 GM085285/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ GM088290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ R01 GM088290/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2012/04/17 Curr Biol. 2012 May 8; 22(9):772-80. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.03.024. Epub 2012 Apr 12" |
