| Title: | "Immobilization of phosphonium-based ionic liquid stationary phases extends their operative range to routine applications in the flavor, fragrance and natural product fields" |
| Author(s): | Cagliero C; Bizzo H; Rubiolo P; Marengo A; Galli S; Anderson JL; Sgorbini B; Bicchi C; |
| Address: | "Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Universita degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. Electronic address: cecilia.cagliero@unito.it. Embrapa Agroindustria de Alimentos, Avenida das Americas 29501 Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, Brazil. Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Universita degli Studi di Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. MEGA S.r.l., Via Plinio, 29 - 20025 Legnano MI, Italy. Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 50011 Ames Iowa, United States" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462796 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1873-3778 (Electronic) 0021-9673 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) have proven to be successful stationary phases (SPs) for gas chromatography (GC) in several fields of application because of their unique selectivity and good chromatographic properties. This study focuses on the use of two ILs as GC SPs that are based on the phosphonium derivatives trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride ([P(66614)(+)] [Cl(-)]), and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([P(66614)(+)][NTf(2)(-)]), which have previously been shown to be complementary in terms of chromatographic selectivity and retention. Their application in routine analysis has been limited by their lower maximum allowable operating temperatures (MAOT) (200 degrees C for the [P(66614)(+)][Cl(-)] IL and 180 degrees C for [P(66614)(+)][NTf(2)(-)]), which restricts their use to samples that consist of analytes with relatively high volatility. A previous study carried out in the Authors' laboratory focused on extending the use of the [P(66614)(+)][Cl(-)] IL SP to the analysis of samples with analytes of medium-to-low volatility by optimizing column characteristics and operative conditions. This study addresses the immobilization of both the [P(66614)(+)][Cl(-)] and [P(66614)(+)][NTf(2)(-)] ILs to the inner wall of fused silica columns to increase their MAOT under soft and hard reaction conditions. The resulting MAOT depended on more or less drastic immobilization conditions, and reached 220 degrees C for soft immobilization (So-Im) and 240 degrees C for hard immobilization (Ha-Im) in the [P(66614)(+)][Cl(-)] IL columns, and 200 degrees C for So-Im and 220 degrees for Ha-Im in columns coated with the [P(66614)(+)] [NTf(2)(-)] IL. The influence of immobilization on the separation power and performance of all the columns has been evaluated using i) the Grob test, ii) a model mixture of 41 compounds of different polarity, structure, and with different organic functional groups representative of the flavor and fragrance field, iii) a standard mixture of 37 fatty acid methyl esters, iv) the peppermint essential oil, v) two mixtures of sesquiterpenic alcohols (farnesols and santalols), and vi) a standard mixture of 16 pesticides. These test samples were also used to demonstrate the complementarity of the two phosphonium-based IL SPs in terms of selectivity and retention" |
| Keywords: | "*Biological Products Chromatography, Gas *Ionic Liquids Odorants/analysis *Perfume/analysis Column immobilization Flavors Fragrances and natural products Gas chromatography Ionic liquid stationary phases Operative conditions Phosphonium-based ionic liquid;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineCagliero, Cecilia Bizzo, Humberto Rubiolo, Patrizia Marengo, Arianna Galli, Stefano Anderson, Jared L Sgorbini, Barbara Bicchi, Carlo eng Netherlands 2022/01/10 J Chromatogr A. 2022 Feb 8; 1664:462796. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462796. Epub 2022 Jan 1" |
