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Curr Biol
| Title: | A massive expansion of effector genes underlies gall-formation in the wheat pest Mayetiola destructor |
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| Author(s): | Zhao C; Escalante LN; Chen H; Benatti TR; Qu J; Chellapilla S; Waterhouse RM; Wheeler D; Andersson MN; Bao R; Batterton M; Behura SK; Blankenburg KP; Caragea D; Carolan JC; Coyle M; El-Bouhssini M; Francisco L; Friedrich M; Gill N; Grace T; Grimmelikhuijzen CJ; Han Y; Hauser F; Herndon N; Holder M; Ioannidis P; Jackson L; Javaid M; Jhangiani SN; Johnson AJ; Kalra D; Korchina V; Kovar CL; Lara F; Lee SL; Liu X; Lofstedt C; Mata R; Mathew T; Muzny DM; Nagar S; Nazareth LV; Okwuonu G; Ongeri F; Perales L; Peterson BF; Pu LL; Robertson HM; Schemerhorn BJ; Scherer SE; Shreve JT; Simmons D; Subramanyam S; Thornton RL; Xue K; Weissenberger GM; Williams CE; Worley KC; Zhu D; Zhu Y; Harris MO; Shukle RH; Werren JH; Zdobnov EM; Chen MS; Brown SJ; Stuart JJ; Richards S; |
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| Address: | "Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47097, USA. Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66056, USA; The Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Bailongsi, Kunming 650224, People's Republic of China. Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA. KSU Bioinformatics Center, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 32 Vassar Street, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA. Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden. The University of Chicago Bioinformatics Core, Biological Sciences Division, Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA. KSU Bioinformatics Center, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; Department of Computer and Information Science, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. Department of Biology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland. International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat BP 6299, Morocco. Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Center for Functional and Comparative Insect Genomics, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. USDA-ARS, Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. USDA-ARS, Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66056, USA. Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. College of Life and Environment Sciences, Minzu University, Beijing 100081, China. USDA-ARS, Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. Department of Entomology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA. Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: stephenr@bcm.edu" |
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| Journal Title: | Curr Biol |
| Year: | 2015 |
| Volume: | 20150205 |
| Issue: | 5 |
| Page Number: | 613 - 620 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cub.2014.12.057 |
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| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-0445 (Electronic) 0960-9822 (Linking) |
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| Abstract: | "Gall-forming arthropods are highly specialized herbivores that, in combination with their hosts, produce extended phenotypes with unique morphologies [1]. Many are economically important, and others have improved our understanding of ecology and adaptive radiation [2]. However, the mechanisms that these arthropods use to induce plant galls are poorly understood. We sequenced the genome of the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor; Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a plant parasitic gall midge and a pest of wheat (Triticum spp.), with the aim of identifying genic modifications that contribute to its plant-parasitic lifestyle. Among several adaptive modifications, we discovered an expansive reservoir of potential effector proteins. Nearly 5% of the 20,163 predicted gene models matched putative effector gene transcripts present in the M. destructor larval salivary gland. Another 466 putative effectors were discovered among the genes that have no sequence similarities in other organisms. The largest known arthropod gene family (family SSGP-71) was also discovered within the effector reservoir. SSGP-71 proteins lack sequence homologies to other proteins, but their structures resemble both ubiquitin E3 ligases in plants and E3-ligase-mimicking effectors in plant pathogenic bacteria. SSGP-71 proteins and wheat Skp proteins interact in vivo. Mutations in different SSGP-71 genes avoid the effector-triggered immunity that is directed by the wheat resistance genes H6 and H9. Results point to effectors as the agents responsible for arthropod-induced plant gall formation" |
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| Keywords: | "Adaptation, Biological/genetics Amino Acid Sequence Animals Base Sequence Chromosomes/*genetics Diptera/*genetics/metabolism Larva/metabolism Models, Genetic Molecular Sequence Data Multigene Family/*genetics *Phylogeny Plant Tumors/*genetics Sequence Ana;" |
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| Notes: | "MedlineZhao, Chaoyang Escalante, Lucio Navarro Chen, Hang Benatti, Thiago R Qu, Jiaxin Chellapilla, Sanjay Waterhouse, Robert M Wheeler, David Andersson, Martin N Bao, Riyue Batterton, Matthew Behura, Susanta K Blankenburg, Kerstin P Caragea, Doina Carolan, James C Coyle, Marcus El-Bouhssini, Mustapha Francisco, Liezl Friedrich, Markus Gill, Navdeep Grace, Tony Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J P Han, Yi Hauser, Frank Herndon, Nicolae Holder, Michael Ioannidis, Panagiotis Jackson, LaRonda Javaid, Mehwish Jhangiani, Shalini N Johnson, Alisha J Kalra, Divya Korchina, Viktoriya Kovar, Christie L Lara, Fremiet Lee, Sandra L Liu, Xuming Lofstedt, Christer Mata, Robert Mathew, Tittu Muzny, Donna M Nagar, Swapnil Nazareth, Lynne V Okwuonu, Geoffrey Ongeri, Fiona Perales, Lora Peterson, Brittany F Pu, Ling-Ling Robertson, Hugh M Schemerhorn, Brandon J Scherer, Steven E Shreve, Jacob T Simmons, DeNard Subramanyam, Subhashree Thornton, Rebecca L Xue, Kun Weissenberger, George M Williams, Christie E Worley, Kim C Zhu, Dianhui Zhu, Yiming Harris, Marion O Shukle, Richard H Werren, John H Zdobnov, Evgeny M Chen, Ming-Shun Brown, Susan J Stuart, Jeffery J Richards, Stephen eng U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2015/02/11 Curr Biol. 2015 Mar 2; 25(5):613-20. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2014.12.057. Epub 2015 Feb 5" |
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